参考文献
[1]本文选取了谷歌(Google)、微软(Microsoft)、脸书(Facebook)、亚马逊(Amazon)和苹果(Apple)五家在应对气候变化和可持续发展工作中标准较高、影响较大的企业,分析和总结了他们的社会责任报告或者环境治理报告等相关披露文件,总结了国外先进互联网科技企业在气候变化和碳中和领域的工作,希望为推进我国企业碳中和与可持续发展提供参考
[2]Apple's Emissions Reduction Mission, accessed March 24,2021,
https://unfccc.int/climate-action/momentum-for-change/climate-neutral-now/apple.
[3]指苹果各地的办公室,数据中心和Apple store都使用了100%的可再生电力。
[4]PUE越接近1表明能效水平越好,绿色化程度越高。
[5]Our third decade of climate action: Realizing a carbon-free future , posted Sep 14, 2020 ,
https://blog.google/outreach-initiatives/sustainability/our-third-decade-climate-action-realizing-carbon-free-future/.
[6]Apple 承诺到 2030 年实现供应链和产品 100% 碳中和》,载苹果公司官网2020年7月21日,https://www.apple.com.cn/newsroom/2020/07/apple-commits-to-be-100-percent-carbon-neutral-for-its-supply-chain-and-products-by-2030/.
[7]Accessed March 24,2021,
https://www.theclimatepledge.com/us/en/Signatories/amazon.html.
[8]Brad Smith, Microsoft will be carbon negative by 2030, posted Jan 16, 2020,
https://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2020/01/16/microsoft-will-be-carbon-negative-by-2030/.
[9]Sundar Pichai, Our third decade of climate action: Realizing a carbon-free future, posted Sep 14, 2020,
https://blog.google/outreach-initiatives/sustainability/our-third-decade-climate-action-realizing-carbon-free-future/.
[10]Justine Calma, Facebook boosts its climate commitments with pledge to cut greenhouse gases, posted Sep 15, 2020,
https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/15/21437208/facebook-climate-change-misinformation-greenhouse-gas-pledge.
[11]Accessed Mar 24, 2021,
https://sustainability.fb.com/report-pages/sustainable-workplaces/.
[12]苹果公司《2020年环境进展报告》,2020年7月21日,
https://www.apple.com.cn/environment/pdf/Apple_Environmental_Progress_Report_2020.pdf.
[13]Sundar Pichai, Our third decade of climate action: Realizing a carbon-free future, posted Sep 14, 2020,
https://blog.google/outreach-initiatives/sustainability/our-third-decade-climate-action-realizing-carbon-free-future/.
[14]《微软宣布将在 2030 年实现碳负排放》,载微软官方网站2020年1月17日,
https://news.microsoft.com/zh-cn/%E5%BE%AE%E8%BD%AF%E5%AE%A3%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%86%E5%9C%A8-2030-%E5%B9%B4%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%E7%A2%B3%E8%B4%9F%E6%8E%92%E6%94%BE/.
[15]Right Now Climate Fund, accessed Mar 24, 2021,
https://sustainability.aboutamazon.com/about/right-now-climate-fund.
The Climate Pledge Fund, accessed Mar 24, 2021,
https://www.theclimatepledge.com/us/en/about/the-climate-pledge-fund.html.
[16]Brad Smith, Microsoft will be carbon negative by 2030, posted Jan 16, 2021,
https://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2020/01/16/microsoft-will-be-carbon-negative-by-2030/.
[17]《Apple 在中国推出全新清洁能源基金》,载苹果官方网站2018年7月13日,
https://www.apple.com.cn/newsroom/2018/07/apple-launches-new-clean-energy-fund-in-china/.
苏自强、王亚丽:《国际绿金 | 简析苹果公司碳中和路径》,载中央财经大学绿色金融国际研究院官网2020年11月29日,
http://iigf.cufe.edu.cn/info/1012/3579.htm.
《Apple 承诺到 2030 年实现供应链和产品 100% 碳中和》,载苹果官方网站2020年7月21日,https://www.apple.com.cn/newsroom/2020/07/apple-commits-to-be-100-percent-carbon-neutral-for-its-supply-chain-and-products-by-2030/.
[18] Sundar Pichai: Our biggest renewable energy purchase ever, posted Sep 19, 2019,
https://blog.google/outreach-initiatives/sustainability/our-biggest-renewable-energy-purchase-ever/.
Ruth Porat: Alphabet issues sustainability bonds to support environmental and social initiatives, posted Aug 03, 2020,
https://blog.google/alphabet/alphabet-issues-sustainability-bonds-support-environmental-and-social-initiatives/.