您应该知道的11个JavaScript和TypeScript速记
1.空位合并运算符
null或undefined ，返回的值不完全是该名称所隐含的含义，但是很好。这是您的使用方式：function myFn(variable1, variable2) {let var2 = variable2 ?? "default value"return variable1 + var2}myFn("this has", " no default value") //returns "this has no default value"myFn("this has no") //returns "this has no default value"myFn("this has no", 0) //returns "this has no 0"
2.逻辑无效分配
function myFn(variable1, variable2) {variable2 ??= "default value"return variable1 + var2}myFn("this has", " no default value") //returns "this has no default value"myFn("this has no") //returns "this has no default value"myFn("this has no", 0) //returns "this has no 0"
3. TypeScript的构造函数速记
//Old way...class Person {private first_name: string;private last_name: string;private age: number;private is_married: boolean;constructor(fname:string, lname:string, age:number, married:boolean) {this.first_name = fname;this.last_name = lname;this.age = age;this.is_married = married;}}//New, shorter way...class Person {constructor( private first_name: string,private last_name: string,private age: number,private is_married: boolean){}}
4.三元运算符
// Original IF..ELSE statementlet isOdd = ""if(variable % 2 == 0) {isOdd = "yes"} else {isOdd = "no"}//The ternary approachlet isOdd = (variable % 2 == 0) ? "yes" : "no"
let variable = true;(variable) ? console.log("It's TRUE") : console.log("It's FALSE")
5.利用OR的惰性评估
if( expression1 || expression2 || expression3 || expression4)
function myFn(variable1, variable2) {let var2 = variable2 || "default value"return variable1 + var2}myFn("this has", " no default value") //returns "this has no default value"myFn("this has no") //returns "this has no default value"
6.双按位NOT运算符
let x = 3.8let y = ~x //this turns x into -(3 + 1), remember, the number gets turned into an integerlet z = ~y //this turns y (which is -4) into -(-4 + 1) which is 3//So you can do:let flooredX = ~~x //and this performs both steps from above at the same time
7.对象属性分配
let name:string = "Fernando";let age:number = 36;let id:number = 1;type User = {name: string,age: number,id: number}//Old waylet myUser: User = {name: name,age: age,id: id}//new waylet myNewUser: User = {name,age,id}
8.箭头函数的隐式返回
let myArr:number[] = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]//Long way of doing it:let oddNumbers:number[] = myArr.filter( (n:number) => {return n % 2 == 0})let double:number[] = myArr.map( (n:number) => {return n * 2;})//Shorter way:let oddNumbers2:number[] = myArr.filter( (n:number) => n % 2 == 0 )let double2:number[] = myArr.map( (n:number) => n * 2 )
const m = _ => if(2) console.log("true") else console.log("false")
9.默认功能参数
//We can function without the last 2 parameter because a default value//can be assigned to themfunction myFunc(a, b, c = 2, d = "") {//your logic goes here...}
const mandatory = _ => {throw new Error("This parameter is mandatory, don't ignore it!")}function myFunc(a, b, c = 2, d = mandatory()) {//your logic goes here...}//Works great!myFunc(1,2,3,4)//Throws an errormyFunc(1,2,3)
10.用!!将任何值转换为布尔值！
!!23 // TRUE!!"" // FALSE!!0 // FALSE!!{} // TRUE
11.解构和传播运营商
将对象分解为多个变量
const myObj = {name: "Fernando",age: 37,country: "Spain"}//Old way of doing this:const name = myObj.name;const age = myObj.age;const country = myObj.country;//Using destructuringconst {name, age, country} = myObj;
const { get } from 'lodash'
传播合并
const arr1 = [1,2,3,4]const arr2 = [5,6,7]const finalArr = [...arr1, ...arr2] // [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]const partialObj1 = {name: "fernando"}const partialObj2 = {age:37}const fullObj = { ...partialObj1, ...partialObj2 } // {name: "fernando", age: 37}
两者结合
const myList = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]const myObj = {name: "Fernando",age: 37,country: "Spain",gender: "M"}const [head, ...tail] = myListconst {name, age, ...others} = myObjconsole.log(head) //1console.log(tail) //[2,3,4,5,6,7]console.log(name) //Fernandoconsole.log(age) //37console.log(others) //{country: "Spain", gender: "M"}
const [...values, lastItem] = [1,2,3,4]
结论
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