Vue+Vue-Router+Vuex+SSR项目
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2022-02-22 01:22
Vue-Vue-Router-Vuex-SSR
Vue+Webpack工程流搭建 Vue+Vue-Router+Vuex项目架构
服务端渲染
现在的前端框架是纯客户端渲染的,(请求🤴网站的时候,返回的html是没有什么内容的),存在问题是没有办法seo, 白屏时间较长。需要等待js加载完成,执行完成之后才会显示内容。
服务端渲染解决这些问题。
webpack升级注意 ⚠️ :1. 版本变化 2. 配置变化 3. 插件变化
vue-loader配置
const isDev = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development'
// vue-loader.config.js
const docsLoader = require.resolve('./doc-loader')
module.exports = (isDev) => {
return {
preserveWhitespace: true, // 去掉后面的空格
extractCSS: !isDev, // 单独打包到css某文件
cssModules: {},
// hotReload: false, // 根据环境变量生成
loaders: {
'docs': docsLoader,
},
preLoader: {
},
}
}
module.exports = (isDev) => {
return {
preserveWhitespace: true,
extractCSS: !isDev,
cssModules: {},
}
}
css module配置
module.exports = (isDev) => {
return {
preserveWhitespace: true,
extractCSS: !isDev,
cssModules: {
localIdentName: isDev ? '[path]-[name]-[hash:base64:5]' : '[hash:base64:5]',
// localIdentName: '[path]-[name]-[hash:base64:5]',
camelCase: true
}
}
}
安装使用eslint和editorconfig以及precommit
npm i eslint eslint-config-standard eslint-plugin-standard eslint-plugin-promise eslint-plugin-import eslint-plugin-node
创建.eslintrc
{
"extends": "standard"
}
npm i eslint-plugin-html
// package.json
"script": {
"clean": "rimraf dist",
"lint": "eslint --ext .js --ext .jsx --ext .vue client/",
"build": "npm run clean && npm run build:client",
//自动修复
"lint-fix": "eslint --fix --ext .js --ext .jsx --ext .vue client/"
"precommit": "npm run lint-fix",
}
npm i webpack -D
// webpack 4
npm uninstall webpack webpack-dev-server webpack-merge -D
// webpack 升级
npm i webpack webpack-dev-server webpack-merge webpack-cli -D
npm uninstall babel-loader extract-text-webpack-plugin file-loader html-webpack-plugin -D
webpack.config.base.js
const config = {
mode: process.env.NODE_ENV, // development || production
target: 'web',
}
npm i eslint-loader babel-eslint
Vue的一些点
import Vue from 'vue'
const div = document.createElement('div')
document.body.appendChild(div)
new Vue({
el: div,
template: 'this is content'
})
// webpack.config.practice.js
resolve: {
alias: {
'vue': path.join(__dirname, '../node_modules/vue/dist/vue.esm.js')
}
}
index.js
import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './app.vue'
import './assets/styles/global.style'
const root = document.createElement('div')
document.body.appendChild(root)
new Vue({
rendeer: (h) => h(App)
}).$mount(root)
VUE实例
Vue实例的创建和作用 Vue实例的属性 Vue实例的方法
import Vue from 'vue'
const app = new Vue({
// el: '#root',
template: '{{text}}',
data: {
text: 0
}
})
app.$mount('#root')
setInterval(()=>{
// app.text += 1
// app.$options.data += 1 不可以使用
app.$data.text += 1 // 可以使用
},1000)
console.log(app.$data)
console.log(app.$props)
console.log(app.$el)
console.log(app.$options)
console.log(app.$slots)
console.log(app.$scopedSlots)
console.log(app.$ref) // div节点/组件实例
console.log(app.$isServer) // 服务端渲染
app.$options.render = (h) => {
return h('div', {}, 'new render function')
}
props: {
filter: {
type: String,
required: true
},
todos: {
type: Array,
required: true
}
}
watch
const app = new Vue({
// el: '#root',
template: '{{text}}',
data: {
text: 0
},
watch: {
text(newText, oldText) {
console.log('${newText}:${oldText}')
}
}
})
app.$mount('#root')
const unWatch = app.$watch('text', (newText, oldText){
console.log(`${nextText}:${oldText}`)
})
setTimeout(()=>{
unWatch() // 取消 2秒后
}, 2000)
事件监听:
app.$on('test', () => {
console.log('test emited')
})
//触发事件
app.$emit('test')
app.$on('test', (a, b) => {
console.log('test emited ${a} ${b}')
})
//触发事件
app.$emit('test', 1, 2)
$once只监听一次
app.$once('test', (a, b) => {
console.log('test emited ${a} ${b}')
})
forceUpdate强制组件渲染一次
非响应式的:
// 值在变,但不会导致重新渲染
data: {
text: 0,
obj: {}
}
setInterval(() => {
app.obj.a = app.text
app.$forceUpdate()
},1000)
一直在渲染会让你的性能降低
某个对象上的,某个属性名,给他定义一个值:
let i = 0
setInterval(()=>{
i++
app.$set(app.obj, 'a', i) // 变化,某个对象上的某个属性值给它一个值
},1000)
vm.$nextTick([callback])
等DOM节点渲染完成。Vue在下一次更新的时候调用callback
将回调延迟到下次DOM更新循环之后执行,在修改数据之后立即使用它,然后等待DOM更新,它跟全局方法Vue.nextTick一样,不同的是回调的this自动绑定到调用它的实例上。
2.1.0新增,如果没有提供回调且支持Promise的环境中,则返回一个Promise.注意polyfill.
vue生命周期
new Vue({
el: '#root',
template: '{{text}}',
data: {
text: 'jeskson'
},
beforeCreate() {
console.log(this, 'beforeCreate')
},
created() {
console.log(this, 'created')
},
beforeMount() {
console.log(this, 'beforeMount')
},
mounted() {
console.log(this, 'beforeCreate')
},
beforeUpdate() {
console.log(this, 'beforeUpdate')
},
updated() {
console.log(this, 'updated')
},
activated() {
console.log(this, 'activated')
},
deactivated() {
console.log(this, 'deactivated')
},
beforeDestroy() {
console.log(this, 'beforeDestroy')
},
destroyed() {
console.log(this, 'destroyed')
},
render(h) {
console.log('render function invoked')
return h('div', {}, this.text)
},
renderError(h, err) {
return h('div', {}, err.stack)
},
errorCaptured() {
// 向上冒泡,并且正式环境可以使用
}
})
undefined 'beforeCreate'
undefined 'created'
"root"></div> "beforeMount"
0div> "mounted"
template: ` name: {{name}} `
computed: {
name() {
return `${this.firstName} ${this.lastName}`
}
}
for="(item, index) in arr">遍历数组</li>
li>
v-model.number 数字
v-model.trim 去掉空格
<input type="radio" value="one" v-model="pick"/>
<input type="radio" value="two" v-model="pick"/>
</div>
定义组件
import Vue from 'vue'
const compoent = {
template: 'This is compoent'
}
// Vue.component('CompOne', compoent)
new Vue({
components: {
CompOne: compoent
},
el: '#root',
template: ' '
})
// 报错
const compoent = {
template: '{{text}}',
data: {
text: 123
}
}
[vue warn] the "data" option should be a function that returns a per-instance value in component definitions.
props
// 子组件
const compoent = {
props: {
active: Boolean,
propOne: String
},
template: `
{{propOne}}
see me if active
`,
data() {
return {
text: 0
}
}
}
// 父组件传递
"true" prop-one="text1"></comp-one>
不允许在组件内部修改this.propOne='inner content'
,
vue warn: avoid mutating a prop directly since the value will be overwritten whenever the parent component re-renders. Instead, use a data or computed property based on the prop's value. Prop being mutated: "propOne"
// 子组件触发props修改
// 子组件
methods: {
handleChange() {
this.$emit('change')
}
}
// 子组件props
props: ['active', 'propOne'],
props: {
active: {
type: Boolean,
required: true,
default: true
}
}
props: {
active: {
// type: Boolean,
// required: true,
validator(value) {
return typeof value === 'boolean'
}
}
}
const CompVue = Vue.extend(compoent)
new CompVue({
el: '#root',
propsData: {
propOne: 'xxx'
}
})
🌰
const parent = new Vue({
name: 'parent'
})
const componet2 = {
extends: compoent,
data () {
return {
text: 1
}
},
mounted () {
console.log(this.$parent.$options.name) // Root
this.$parent.text = '12345'
}
}
new Vue({
parent: parent,
name: 'Root',
el: '#root',
mounted () {
console.log(this.$parent.$options.name) // parent
},
components: {
Comp: component2
},
data: {
text: 2333
},
template: `
{{text}}
`
})
🌰栗子 input
// 子组件
handleInput (e) {
this.$emit('input', e.target.value)
}
// 父组件
... :value="value" @input="value = arguments[0]"
// 🌰
const component = {
props: ['value'],
template: `
`,
methods: {
handleInput (e) {
this.$emit('input', e.target.value)
}
}
}
const component = {
model:; {
prop: 'value1',
event: 'change'
},
props: ['value1'],
template: `
`,
methods: {
handleInput (e) {
this.$emit('change', e.target.value)
}
}
}
属性✍️
slot
const component = {
template: `
`,
data () {
return {
style: {
width: '200px';
height: '200px';
border: '1px solid #aaa'
}
}
}
}
<span slot="header"> this is header span>
<span slot="body"> this is body span>
</comp-one>
slot-scope
特殊🌰
template: `
`,
// 父组件 - 组件内部使用的变量
<span slot-scope="props"> {{props.value}} {{props.aaa}} span>
</comp-one>
provide inject
provide : {
yeye: this,
value: this.value, // 错误
},
provide() {
const data = {}
Object.defineProperty(data, 'value', {
get: () => this.value,
enumerable: true
})
return {
yeye: this,
data
// value: this.value
}
}
// 子组件
inject: ['yeye', 'data']
template: 'child component: {{data.value}}'
new Vue, beforeCreate, created, beforeMount, mounted
没有el,就没有挂载beforeMount, mounted
若使用const app , app.$mount('#root') 就会执行
setInterval(() => {
app.text = app.text += 1
},1000)
// 主动销毁
app.$destroy()
组件:
activated() {
// 在组件
console.log(this, 'activated')
}
deactivated() {
// 在组件
console.log(this, 'deactivated')
}
变化:
el:
undefined 'beforeCreate'
undefined 'created'
"root"></div> "beforeMount"
0div> "mounted"
dom有关的放在mounted里面,数据可created,mounted
服务端渲染不会执行(因为服务端没有Dom环境,所有更本就没有这些内容),beforeMount,mounted,
会执行create,beforeCreate
生命周期
new Vue()
Init Events(事件已经ok了) & Lifecycle
beforeCreate(不要修改data里的数据)
Init injections & reactivity
created(数据操作)
Has 'el' option ? No when vm.$mount(el) is called
判断是否有el // el: '#root'
YES Has 'template' option ?
判断是否有 // template: ' {{text}}
'
有template属性:
解析render
render(h) {
console.log('render function invoked')
return h('div', {}, this.text)
}
Waiting for update signal form WDS...
undefined "beforeCreate"
undefined "created"
"root"></div> "beforeMount"
render function invoked
0div> "mounted"
Yes:有 Compile template into render function
No:没有 Compile el's outerHTML as template
beforeMount
Create vm.$el and replace 'el' with it
mounted
Mounted(实例创建完成)
when data changes (beforeUpdate) Virtual DOM re-render and patch (updated) 走 when wm.$destroy() is called
beforeDestroy
Teardown watchers, child components and event listeners
destroyed
renderError
打包正式上线不会调用的,开发的时候会使用
renderError (h, err) {
return h('div', {}, err.stack)
}
正式开发环境,收集线上的错误
errorCaptured() {
}
vue里面的data绑定到template
watch监听到某个一数据的变化,指定某个操作,(服务器使用)
Vue的原生指令
Vue的组件 render function
render (createElement) {
return createElement('comp-one', {
ref: 'comp'
}, [
createElement('span', {
ref: 'span'
}, this.value)
])
}
render (createElement) {
return createElement('div', {
style: this.style,
on: {
click: () => { this.$emit('click') }
}
}, this.$slots.default)
}
Vue-Router && Vuex
import Router from 'vue-router'
import routers from './routes'
exports default () => {
return new Router({
routers,
mode: 'history',
// base: '/base/',
linkActiveClass: 'active-link', // 子集
linkExactActiveClass: 'exact-active-link', // 准确目标
scrollBehavior (to, from, savedPosition) {
if (savedPosition) {
return savedPosition
} else {
return { x: 0, y: 0 }
}
},
// parseQuery (query) {
// },
// stringifyQuery (obj) {
// }
})
}
transition
"fade">
<router-view />
</transition>
this.$route
// path: '/app/:id', to="/app/123"
fullPath: '/app/123'
hash: ""
matched: [{}]
meta: {title:''}
name: 'app'
params: {id: '123'}
path: '/app/123'
query: {}
// routes.js
{
path: '/app/:id',
props: true,
component: Todo,
name: 'app',
meta: {
title: 'this is app',
description: 'asdasd'
}
}
// todo.vue
props: ['id'],
mounted () {
console.log(this.id)
}
{
path: '/login',
components: {
default: Login,
a: Todo
}
}
Vue-router 导航守卫
import createRouter from './config/router'
Vue.use(VueRouter)
const router = createRouter()
router.beforeEach((to, from, next) => {
// 做登录验证操作
console.log('before each invoked')
// next()
if (to.fullPath === '/app') {
next('/login') // 如果没有登录的话跳转到登录页面 next({ path: '/login' })
} else {
next() // 符合条件
}
})
router.beforeResolve((to, from, next) => {
console.log('before resolve invoked')
next()
})
router.afterEach((to, from) => {
console.log('after each invoked')
})
// routes.js
{
path: '/app',
beforeEnter (to, from, next) {
console.log('app route before enter')
next() // 只有当点击进入,才会调用
}
}
// before each invoked
// app route before enter
// before resolve invoked
// after each invoked
// todo.vue
export default {
beforeRouteEnter (to, from, next) {
console.log('todo before enter')
next()
},
beforeRouteUpdate (to, from, next) {
console.log('todo update enter')
next()
},
beforeRouteLeave (to, from, next) {
console.log('todo leave enter')
next()
},
}
离开:
todo leave enter
before each invoked
before resolve invoked
after each invoked
进入:
before each invoked
app route before enter
todo before enter
before resolve invoked
after each invoked
Vuex集成
import Vuex from 'vuex'
const store = new Vuex.Store({
state: {
count: 0
},
mutations: {
updateCount (state, num) {
state.count = num
}
}
})
export default store
服务端渲染
import createRouter from './config/router'
import createStore from './store/store'
Vue.use(VueRouter)
Vue.use(Vuex)
const router = createRouter()
const store = createStore()
Vuex 中 state 和 getters
// store.js
import Vuex from 'vuex'
import defaultState from './state/state'
import mutations from './mutations/mutations'
import getters from './getters/getters'
export default () => {
return new Vuex.Store({
state: defaultState,
mutations,
getters
})
}
// state/state.js
export default {
count: 0,
firstName: 'dada',
lastName: 'dada'
}
// mutations/mutations.js
export default {
updateCount (state, num) {
state.count = num
}
}
getters
// getters/getters.js =========== computed
export default {
fullName(state) {
return `${state.firstName} ${state.lastName}`
}
}
// app.vue
computed: {
count () {
return this.$store.state.count
},
fullName () {
return this.$store.getters.fullName
}
}
快速使用
import {
mapState,
mapGetters
} from 'vuex'
computed: {
// ...mapState(['count']),
// ...mapState({
// counter: 'count'
// }),
...mapState({
counter: (state) => state.count
}),
...mapGetters(['fullName'])
}
Vuex 中 mutation 和 action
// 开发环境 store.js
const isDev = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development'
export default () => {
return new Vuex.Store({
strict: isDev,
state: defaultState,
mutations,
getters
})
}
// actions/actions.js
// dispatch 触发 actions 的
// 异步
export default {
updateCountAsync (store, data) {
setTimeout(() => {
store.commit('updateCount', data.num)
}, data.time)
}
}
// store.js
import Vuex from 'vuex'
import defaultState from './state/state'
import mutations from './mutations/mutations'
import getters from './getters/getters'
import actions from './actions/actions'
export default () => {
return new Vuex.Store({
state: defaultState,
mutations,
getters,
actions
})
}
import {
mapState,
mapGetters,
mapActions,
mapMutations
} from 'vuex'
mounted () {
this.updateCountAsync({
num: 5,
time: 2000
})
}
// mapActions mapMutations 操作
methods: {
...mapActions(['updateCountAsync']),
...mapMutations(['updateCount'])
}
Vuex 中的模块
// app.vue
mounted () {
this['a/updateText']('123')
}
methods: {
...mapActions(['updateCountAsync']),
...mapMutations(['updateCount', 'a/updateText'])
}
computed: {
...mapState({
counter: (state) => state.count,
textA: state => state.a.text
}),
...mapGetters(['fullName', 'a/textPlus'])
textA () {
return this.$store.state.a.text
}
}
// store.js
modules {
a: {
namespaced: true
state: {
text: 1
},
mutations: {
updateText (state, text) {
console.log('a.state', state)
state.text = text
}
},
getters: {
textPlus (state, getters, rootState) {
return state.text + rootState.count + rootState.b.text
}
},
actions: {
add ({ state, commit, rootState }) {
commit('updateText', rootState.count) // 全局找{ root: true }
// commit('updateCount', rootState.count, { root: true }) // 全局找{ root: true }
}
}
},
b: {
state: {
text: 2
},
actions: {
testAction ({ commit }) {
commit('a/updateText', 'test text', { root: true })
}
}
}
}
store.hotUpdate({})
Vuex 中的 API
// index.js
const router = createRouter()
const store = createStore()
store.registerModule('c', {
state: {
text: 3
}
})
// 监听这个值的变化
store.watch((state) => state.count + 1, (newCount) => {
console.log(newCount)
})
// 订阅
store.subscribe((mutation, state) => {
console.log(mutation.type) // 调用哪个mutation
console.log(mutation.payload) // mutation 接收的参数 传入的值
})
store.subscribeAction((action, state) => {
console.log(action.type)
console.log(action.payload)
})
store.unregisterModule('c')
// store.js
export default () => {
const store = new Vuex.Store({
strict: isDev,
state: defaultState,
mutations,
getters,
actions,
plugins: [
(store) => {
console.log('my plugin invoked')
}
]
})
}
// my plugin invoked
// before each invoked
// before resolve invoked
// after each invoked
服务端渲染构建流程
访问服务端渲染页面:webpack server compiler -> nodejs server 3333端口
纯前端渲染:webpack dev server 8000 端口 访问服务端渲染页面:webpack server compiler server 创建 server bundle -> nodejs server 3333端
npm i vue -D // devDependencies
npm i vue -S // dependencies
npm i vue-server-renderer
npm i koa-router -S
npm i axios -S
server 服务端渲染
const koa = require('koa')
const app = new Koa()
const isDev = process.env.NODE_ENV = 'development'
dev-ssr.js
const Router = require('koa-router')
const axios = require('axios')
const MemoryFS = require('memory-fs')
const webpack = require('webpack')
const VueServerRenderer = require('vue-server-render')
组件开发
notification 通知
<transition name="fade" @after-leave="afterLeave" @after-enter="afterEnter">
<div class="notification" :style="style" v-show="visible" @mouseenter="clearTimer" @mouseleave="createTimer">
<span class="content">{{content}}span>
<a class="btn" @click="handleClose">{{btn}}a>
div>
transition>
</template>