SpringBoot系列之前后端接口安全技术JWT

共 9499字,需浏览 19分钟

 ·

2020-12-05 23:47

走过路过不要错过

点击蓝字关注我们


1. 什么是JWT?

JWT的全称为Json Web Token (JWT),是目前最流行的跨域认证解决方案,是在网络应用环境间传递声明而执行的一种基于JSON的开放标准((RFC 7519),JWT 是一种JSON风格的轻量级的授权和身份认证规范,可实现无状态、分布式的Web应用授权

引用官方的说法是:

JSON Web令牌(JWT)是一个开放标准(RFC 7519),它定义了一种紧凑且自包含的方式,用于在各方之间安全地将信息作为JSON对象传输。由于此信息是经过数字签名的,因此可以进行验证和信任。可以使用秘密(使用HMAC算法)或使用RSA或ECDSA的公钥/私钥对对JWT进行签名。

引用官网图片,JWT生成的token格式如图:

2. JWT令牌结构怎么样?

JSON Web令牌以紧凑的形式由三部分组成,这些部分由点(.)分隔,分别是:

  • 标头(Header)

  • 有效载荷(Playload)

  • 签名(Signature)
    因此,JWT通常如下所示。
    xxxxx.yyyyy.zzzzz

ok,详细介绍一下这3部分组成

2.1 标头(Header)

标头通常由两部分组成:令牌的类型(即JWT)和所使用的签名算法,例如HMAC SHA256或RSA。
* 声明类型,这里是JWT
* 加密算法,自定义

{
"alg": "HS256",
"typ": "JWT"
}

然后进行Base64Url编码得到jwt的第1部分

Base64是一种基于64个可打印字符来表示二进制数据的表示方法。由于2
的6次方等于64,所以每6个比特为一个单元,对应某个可打印字符。三个字节有24
个比特,对应于4个Base64单元,即3个字节需要用4个可打印字符来表示。JDK 中 提
供了非常方便的 B BA AS SE E6 64 4E En nc co od de er r和B BA AS SE E6 64 4D De ec co od de er r,用它们可以非常方便的完
成基于 BASE64 的编码和解码

2.2 有效载荷(Playload)

载荷就是存放有效信息的地方。这个名字像是特指飞机上承载的货品,这些有效信息包
含三个部分:

  • (1)标准中注册的声明

    • iss (issuer):表示签发人

    • exp (expiration time):表示token过期时间

    • sub (subject):主题

    • aud (audience):受众

    • nbf (Not Before):生效时间

    • iat (Issued At):签发时间

    • jti (JWT ID):编号

  • (2)公共的声明
    公共的声明可以添加任何的信息,一般添加用户的相关信息或其他业务需要的必要信息

  • (3)私有的声明
    私有声明是提供者和消费者所共同定义的声明,一般不建议存放敏感信息,因为base64是对称解密的,意味着该部分信息可以归类为明文信息。这些私有的声明其实一般就是指自定义Claim

定义一个payload:

{
"user_id":1,
"user_name":"nicky",
"scope":[
"ROLE_ADMIN"
],
"non_expired":false,
"exp":1594352348,
"iat":1594348748,
"enabled":true,
"non_locked":false
}

对其进行base64加密,得到payload:

eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoxLCJ1c2VyX25hbWUiOiJuaWNreSIsInNjb3BlIjpbIlJPTEVfQURNSU4iXSwibm9uX2V4cGlyZWQiOmZhbHNlLCJleHAiOjE1OTQzNTIzNDgsImlhdCI6MTU5NDM0ODc0OCwiZW5hYmxlZCI6dHJ1ZSwibm9uX2xvY2tlZCI6ZmFsc2V9

2.3 签名(Signature)

jwt的第三部分是一个签证信息,这个签证信息由三部分组成:

  • header (base64后的)

  • payload (base64后的)

  • secret
    签名,是整个数据的认证信息。一般根据前两步的数据,然后通过header中声明的加密方式进行加盐secret组合加密,然后就构成了jwt的第3部分

ok,一个jwt令牌的组成就介绍好咯,令牌是三个由点分隔的Base64-URL字符串,可以在HTML和HTTP环境中轻松传递这些字符串,与基于XML的标准(例如SAML)相比,它更紧凑。
下图显示了一个JWT,它已对先前的标头和有效负载进行了编码,并用一个秘密secret进行了签名编码的JWT:

JWT官网提供的在线调试工具:
https://jwt.io/#debugger-io

开源中国提供的base64在线加解密:
https://tool.oschina.net/encrypt?type=3

3. JWT原理简单介绍

引用官网的图,用于显示如何获取JWT,并将其用于访问API或资源:

  • 1、客户端(包括浏览器、APP等)向授权服务器请求授权

  • 2、授权服务器验证通过,授权服务器会向应用程序返回访问令牌

  • 3、该应用程序使用访问令牌来访问受保护的资源(例如API)

4. JWT的应用场景

JWT 使用于比较小型的业务验证,对于比较复杂的可以用OAuth2.0实现

引用官方的说法:

  • 授权:这是使用JWT的最常见方案。一旦用户登录,每个后续请求将包括JWT,从而允许用户访问该令牌允许的路由,服务和资源。单一登录是当今广泛使用JWT的一项功能,因为它的开销很小并且可以在不同的域中轻松使用。

  • 信息交换:JSON Web令牌是在各方之间安全地传输信息的好方法。因为可以对JWT进行签名(例如,使用公钥/私钥对),所以您可以确保发件人是他们所说的人。此外,由于签名是使用标头和有效负载计算的,因此您还可以验证内容是否遭到篡改。

5. 与Cookie-Session对比

了解JWT之前先要了解传统的Cookie-Session认证机制,这是单体应用最常用的,其大概流程:

  • 1、用户访问客户端(浏览器),服务器通过session校验用户是否登录

  • 2、 用户没登录返回登录页面,输入账号密码等验证

  • 3、 验证通过创建session,返回sessionId给客户端保存到cookie

  • 4、接着,用户访问其它同域链接,都会校验sessionId,符合就允许访问

ok,简单介绍这套cookie-session机制,之前设计者开发这套机制是为了兼容http的无状态,这套机制有其优点,当然也有一些缺陷:

  • 只适用于B/S架构的软件,对于安卓app等客户端不带cookie的,不能和服务端进行对接

  • 不支持跨域,因为Cookie为了保证安全性,只能允许同域访问,不支持跨域

  • CSRF攻击,Cookie没做好安全保证,有时候容易被窃取,受到跨站请求伪造的攻击

ok,简单介绍了cookie-session机制后,可以介绍一下jwt的认证

  • 1、用户访问客户端(浏览器、APP等等),服务器通过token校验

  • 2、 用户没登录返回登录页面,输入账号密码等验证

  • 3、 验证通过创建已签名token,返回token给客户端保存,最常见的是存储在localStorage中,但是也可以存在Session Storage和Cookie中

  • 4、接着,用户访问其它链接,都会带上token,服务器解码JWT,如果Token是有效的则处理这个请求

网上对于cookie-session机制和jwt的讨论很多,可以自行网上找资料,我觉得这两套机制各有优点,应该根据场景进行选用,JWT最明显优点就是小巧轻便,安全性也比较好,但是也有其缺点。

  • 比如对于业务繁杂的功能,如果一些信息也丢在jwt的token里,cookie有可能不能保存。

  • 续签问题,jwt不能支持,传统的cookie+session的方案天然的支持续签,但是jwt由于服务端不保存用户状态,因此很难完美解决续签问题

  • 密码重置等问题,jwt因为数据不保存于服务端,如果用户修改密码,不过token还没过期,这种情况,原来的token还是可以访问系统的,这种肯定是不允许的,不过这种情况或许可以通过修改secret实现

6. Java的JJWT实现JWT

6.1 什么是JJWT?

JJWT是一个提供端到端的JWT创建和验证的Java库。永远免费和开源(Apache
License,版本2.0),JJWT很容易使用和理解。它被设计成一个以建筑为中心的流畅界
面,隐藏了它的大部分复杂性。

6.2 实验环境准备

环境准备:

  • Maven 3.0+

  • IntelliJ IDEA

技术栈:

  • SpringBoot2.2.1

  • Spring Security

新建一个SpringBoot项目,maven加入JJWT相关配置


io.jsonwebtoken
jjwt
${jjwt.version}


com.auth0
java-jwt
${java.jwt.version}

pom.xml:



xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
4.0.0

org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-parent
2.2.1.RELEASE


com.example.springboot
springboot-jwt
0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
springboot-jwt
Demo project for Spring Boot


1.8
0.9.0
3.4.0
2.1.1




org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-security



org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web



org.projectlombok
lombok
true



io.jsonwebtoken
jjwt
${jjwt.version}


com.auth0
java-jwt
${java.jwt.version}




org.mybatis.spring.boot
mybatis-spring-boot-starter
${mybatis.springboot.version}



mysql
mysql-connector-java
5.1.27
runtime




org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf



org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-test
test


org.junit.vintage
junit-vintage-engine




org.springframework.security
spring-security-test
test


com.alibaba
fastjson
1.2.47
compile






org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-maven-plugin






application.yml:

spring:
datasource:
url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.199:3306/jeeplatform?autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&characterSetResults=utf8&useSSL=false
username: root
password: secret
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
#添加Thymeleaf配置,除了cache在项目没上线前建议关了,其它配置都可以不用配的,本博客只是列举一下有这些配置
thymeleaf:
# cache默认开启的,这里可以关了,项目上线之前,项目上线后可以开启
cache: false
# 这个prefix可以注释,因为默认就是templates的,您可以改成其它的自定义路径
prefix: classpath:/templates/
suffix: .html
mode: HTML5
# 指定一下编码为utf8
encoding: UTF-8
# context-type为text/html,也可以不指定,因为boot可以自动识别
servlet:
content-type: text/html
messages:
basename: i18n.messages
# cache-duration:
encoding: UTF-8


logging:
level:
org:
springframework:
security: DEBUG
com:
example:
springboot:
jwt:
mapper: DEBUG

项目工程:

6.3 jwt配置属性读取

新建jwt.yml:

# jwt configuration
jwt:
# 存放Token的Header key值
token-key: Authorization
# 自定义密钥,加盐
secret: mySecret
# 超时时间 单位秒
expiration: 3600
# 自定义token 前缀字符
token-prefix: Bearer-
# accessToken超时时间 单位秒
access-token: 3600
# 刷新token时间 单位秒
refresh-token: 3600
# 允许访问的uri
permit-all: /oauth/**,/login/**,/logout/**
# 需要校验的uri
authenticate-uri: /api/**

JWTProperties .java

package com.example.springboot.jwt.configuration;

import com.example.springboot.jwt.core.io.support.YamlPropertyResourceFactory;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.time.Duration;

/**
*

* JWT配置类
*

*
*

* @author nicky.ma
* 修改记录
* 修改后版本: 修改人:修改日期: 2020/07/06 11:37 修改内容:
*

*/

@Component
@PropertySource(value = "classpath:jwt.yml",encoding = "utf-8",factory = YamlPropertyResourceFactory.class)
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "jwt")
@Data
@ToString
public class JWTProperties {

/**
* 存放Token的Header key值
*/

private String tokenKey;

/*
* 自定义密钥,加盐
*/

private String secret;

/*
* 超时时间 单位秒
*/

private Duration expiration =Duration.ofMinutes(3600);

/*
* 自定义token 前缀字符
*/

private String tokenPrefix;

/*
* accessToken超时时间 单位秒
*/

private Duration accessToken =Duration.ofMinutes(3600);

/*
* 刷新token时间 单位秒
*/

private Duration refreshToken =Duration.ofMinutes(3600);

/*
* 允许访问的uri
*/

private String permitAll;

/*
* 需要校验的uri
*/

private String authenticateUri;
}

SpringBoot2.2.1版本使用@ConfigurationProperties注解是不能读取yaml文件的,只能读取properties,所以自定义PropertySourceFactory

package com.example.springboot.jwt.core.io.support;

import org.springframework.boot.env.YamlPropertySourceLoader;
import org.springframework.core.env.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.DefaultPropertySourceFactory;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.EncodedResource;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PropertySourceFactory;
import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;

/**
*

* YAML配置文件读取工厂类
*

*


*


* @author nicky.ma
* 修改记录
* 修改后版本: 修改人:修改日期: 2019/11/13 15:44 修改内容:
*

*/

public class YamlPropertyResourceFactory implements PropertySourceFactory {

/**
* Create a {@link PropertySource} that wraps the given resource.
*
* @param name the name of the property source
* @param encodedResource the resource (potentially encoded) to wrap
* @return the new {@link PropertySource} (never {@code null})
* @throws IOException if resource resolution failed
*/

@Override
public PropertySource createPropertySource(@Nullable String name, EncodedResource encodedResource) throws IOException {
String resourceName = Optional.ofNullable(name).orElse(encodedResource.getResource().getFilename());
if (resourceName.endsWith(".yml") || resourceName.endsWith(".yaml")) {
//yaml资源文件
List> yamlSources = new YamlPropertySourceLoader().load(resourceName, encodedResource.getResource());
return yamlSources.get(0);
} else {
//返回默认的PropertySourceFactory
return new DefaultPropertySourceFactory().createPropertySource(name, encodedResource);
}
}
}

6.4 JWT Token工具类

package com.example.springboot.jwt.core.jwt.util;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.example.springboot.jwt.configuration.JWTProperties;
import com.example.springboot.jwt.core.jwt.userdetails.JWTUserDetails;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;

import java.util.*;


/**
*

* JWT工具类
*

*
*

* @author mazq
* 修改记录
* 修改后版本: 修改人:修改日期: 2020/07/06 13:57 修改内容:
*

*/

@Component
@Slf4j
public class JWTTokenUtil {

private static final String CLAIM_KEY_USER_ID = "user_id";
private static final String CLAIM_KEY_USER_NAME ="user_name";
private static final String CLAIM_KEY_ACCOUNT_ENABLED = "enabled";
private static final String CLAIM_KEY_ACCOUNT_NON_LOCKED = "non_locked";
private static final String CLAIM_KEY_ACCOUNT_NON_EXPIRED = "non_expired";
private static final String CLAIM_KEY_AUTHORITIES = "scope";
//签名方式
private static final SignatureAlgorithm SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM = SignatureAlgorithm.HS256;


@Autowired
JWTProperties jwtProperties;

/**
* 生成acceptToken
* @param userDetails
* @return
*/

public String generateToken(UserDetails userDetails) {
JWTUserDetails user = (JWTUserDetails) userDetails;
Map claims = generateClaims(user);
return generateToken(user.getUsername(),claims);
}

/**
* 生成acceptToken
* @param username
* @param claims
* @return
*/

public String generateToken(String username, Map claims) {
return Jwts.builder()
.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString())
.setSubject(username)
.setClaims(claims)
.setIssuedAt(new Date())
.setExpiration(generateExpirationDate(jwtProperties.getExpiration().toMillis()))
.signWith(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM, jwtProperties.getSecret())
.compact();
}

/**
* 校验acceptToken
* @param token
* @param userDetails
* @return
*/

public boolean validateToken(String token, UserDetails userDetails) {
JWTUserDetails user = (JWTUserDetails) userDetails;
return validateToken(token, user.getUsername());
}

/**
* 校验acceptToken
* @param token
* @param username
* @return
*/

public boolean validateToken(String token, String username) {
try {
final String userId = getUserIdFromClaims(token);
return getClaimsFromToken(token) != null
&& userId.equals(username)
&& !isTokenExpired(token);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Invalid Token!"+e);
}
}

/**
* 校验acceptToken
* @param token
* @return
*/

public boolean validateToken(String token) {
try {
return getClaimsFromToken(token) != null
&& !isTokenExpired(token);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Invalid Token!"+e);
}
}

/**
* 解析token 信息
* @param token
* @return
*/

public Claims getClaimsFromToken(String token){
Claims claims = Jwts.parser()
.setSigningKey(jwtProperties.getSecret())
.parseClaimsJws(token)
.getBody();
return claims;
}

/**
* 从token获取userId
* @param token
* @return
*/

public String getUserIdFromClaims(String token) {
String userId = getClaimsFromToken(token).getId();
return userId;
}

/**
* 从token获取ExpirationDate
* @param token
* @return
*/

public Date getExpirationDateFromClaims(String token) {
Date expiration = getClaimsFromToken(token).getExpiration();
return expiration;
}

/**
* 从token获取username
* @param token
* @return
*/

public String getUsernameFromClaims(String token) {
return getClaimsFromToken(token).get(CLAIM_KEY_USER_NAME).toString();
}

/**
* token 是否过期
* @param token
* @return
*/

public boolean isTokenExpired(String token) {
final Date expirationDate = getExpirationDateFromClaims(token);
return expirationDate.before(new Date());
}

/**
* 生成失效时间
* @param expiration
* @return
*/

public Date generateExpirationDate(long expiration) {
return new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration * 1000);
}

/**
* 生成Claims
* @Param user
* @return
*/

public Map generateClaims(JWTUserDetails user) {
Map claims = new HashMap<>(16);
claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_USER_ID, user.getUserId());
claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_USER_NAME, user.getUsername());
claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_ACCOUNT_ENABLED, user.isEnabled());
claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_ACCOUNT_NON_LOCKED, user.isAccountNonLocked());
claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_ACCOUNT_NON_EXPIRED, user.isAccountNonExpired());
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(user.getAuthorities())) {
claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_AUTHORITIES , JSON.toJSON(getAuthorities(user.getAuthorities())));
}
return claims;
}

/**
* 获取角色权限
* @param authorities
* @return
*/

public List getAuthorities(Collection authorities){
List list = new ArrayList<>();
for (GrantedAuthority ga : authorities) {
list.add(ga.getAuthority());
}
return list;
}

}

6.5 Spring Security引入

自定义UserDetails:

package com.example.springboot.jwt.core.jwt.userdetails;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;

import java.time.Instant;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;

/**
*

* JWTUserDetails
*

*
*

* @author mazq
* 修改记录
* 修改后版本: 修改人:修改日期: 2020/07/06 14:45 修改内容:
*

*/

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class JWTUserDetails implements UserDetails {

/**
* 用户ID
*/

private Long userId;
/**
* 用户密码
*/

private String password;
/**
* 用户名
*/

private String username;
/**
* 用户角色权限
*/

private Collection authorities;
/**
* 账号是否过期
*/

private Boolean isAccountNonExpired = false;
/**
* 账户是否锁定
*/

private Boolean isAccountNonLocked = false;
/**
* 密码是否过期
*/

private Boolean isCredentialsNonExpired = false;
/**
* 账号是否激活
*/

private Boolean isEnabled = true;
/**
* 上次密码重置时间
*/

private Instant lastPasswordResetDate;

public JWTUserDetails(Long id, String username, String password, List mapToGrantedAuthorities) {
this.userId = id;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
this.authorities = mapToGrantedAuthorities;
}

@Override
public Collection getAuthorities() {
return authorities;
}

@Override
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}

@Override
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}

@JsonIgnore
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
return isAccountNonExpired;
}

@JsonIgnore
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
return isAccountNonLocked;
}

@JsonIgnore
@Override
public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
return isCredentialsNonExpired;
}

@JsonIgnore
@Override
public boolean isEnabled() {
return isEnabled;
}


}

UserDetailsServiceImpl.java业务接口

package com.example.springboot.jwt.service;

import com.example.springboot.jwt.core.jwt.userdetails.JWTUserDetails;
import com.example.springboot.jwt.mapper.UserMapper;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

/**
*

* UserDetailsServiceImpl
*

*
*

* @author mazq
* 修改记录
* 修改后版本: 修改人:修改日期: 2020/07/06 18:10 修改内容:
*

*/

@Service("jwtUserService")
@Slf4j
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {

@Autowired
@Qualifier("userMapper")
UserMapper userRepository;

@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
JWTUserDetails user = userRepository.findByUsername(username);
if(user == null){
log.info("登录用户[{}]没注册!",username);
throw new UsernameNotFoundException("登录用户["+username + "]没注册!");
}
return new JWTUserDetails(1L,user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(), getAuthority());
}

private List getAuthority() {
return Arrays.asList(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_ADMIN"));
}
}

自定义AuthenticationEntryPoint进行统一异常处理:

package com.example.springboot.jwt.web.handler;

import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.web.AuthenticationEntryPoint;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Serializable;

/**
*

* JWTAuthenticationEntryPoint
*

*
*

* @author mazq
* 修改记录
* 修改后版本: 修改人:修改日期: 2020/07/09 14:46 修改内容:
*

*/

@Component
public class JWTAuthenticationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint, Serializable {

@Override
public void commence(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
// 出错时候
httpServletResponse.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED, "Unauthorized");
}
}

6.6 JWT授权过滤器

package com.example.springboot.jwt.web.filter;

import com.example.springboot.jwt.configuration.JWTProperties;
import com.example.springboot.jwt.core.jwt.userdetails.JWTUserDetails;
import com.example.springboot.jwt.core.jwt.util.JWTTokenUtil;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.WebAuthenticationDetailsSource;
import org.springframework.util.AntPathMatcher;
import org.springframework.util.PathMatcher;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter;

import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;

/**
*

* JWTAuthenticationTokenFilter
*

*
*

* @author mazq
* 修改记录
* 修改后版本: 修改人:修改日期: 2020/07/06 16:04 修改内容:
*

*/

@Slf4j
public class JWTAuthenticationTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {

private static final ConcurrentMap URI_CACHE_MAP = new ConcurrentHashMap();
private final List permitAllUris;
private final List authenticateUris;

@Autowired
JWTProperties jwtProperties;
@Autowired
JWTTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;
@Autowired
@Qualifier("jwtUserService")
UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

public JWTAuthenticationTokenFilter(JWTProperties jwtProperties) {
this.permitAllUris = Arrays.asList(jwtProperties.getPermitAll().split(","));
this.authenticateUris = Arrays.asList(jwtProperties.getAuthenticateUri().split(","));
}

@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse,
FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
if (!isAllowUri(httpServletRequest)) {
final String _authHeader = httpServletRequest.getHeader(jwtProperties.getTokenKey());
log.info("Authorization:[{}]",_authHeader);
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(_authHeader) || ! _authHeader.startsWith(jwtProperties.getTokenPrefix())) {
throw new RuntimeException("Unable to get JWT Token");
}
final String token = _authHeader.substring(7);
log.info("acceptToken:[{}]",token);
if (!jwtTokenUtil.validateToken(token)) {
throw new RuntimeException("Invalid token");
}
if (jwtTokenUtil.validateToken(token)) {
String username = jwtTokenUtil.getUsernameFromClaims(token);
JWTUserDetails userDetails = (JWTUserDetails)userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken usernamePasswordAuthenticationToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(
userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
usernamePasswordAuthenticationToken
.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(httpServletRequest));
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(usernamePasswordAuthenticationToken);
}
}
filterChain.doFilter(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse);
}

private Boolean isAllowUri(HttpServletRequest request) {
String uri = request.getServletPath();
if (URI_CACHE_MAP.containsKey(uri)) {
// 缓存有数据,直接从缓存读取
return URI_CACHE_MAP.get(uri);
}
boolean flag = checkRequestUri(uri);
// 数据丢到缓存里
URI_CACHE_MAP.putIfAbsent(uri, flag);
return flag;
}

private Boolean checkRequestUri(String requestUri) {
boolean filter = true;
final PathMatcher pathMatcher = new AntPathMatcher();
for (String permitUri : permitAllUris) {
if (pathMatcher.match(permitUri, requestUri)) {
// permit all的链接直接放过
filter = true;
}
}
for (String authUri : authenticateUris) {
if (pathMatcher.match(authUri, requestUri)) {
filter = false;
}
}
return filter;
}
}

WebMvcConfigurer类注册过滤器:

package com.example.springboot.jwt.configuration;

import com.example.springboot.jwt.web.filter.JWTAuthenticationTokenFilter;
import com.example.springboot.jwt.web.handler.SecurityHandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

/**
*

* MyWebMvcConfigurer
*

*
*

* @author mazq
* 修改记录
* 修改后版本: 修改人:修改日期: 2020/07/07 13:52 修改内容:
*

*/

@Configuration

public class MyWebMvcConfigurer implements WebMvcConfigurer {

@Autowired
private JWTProperties jwtProperties;


@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
registry.addInterceptor(new SecurityHandlerInterceptor())
.addPathPatterns("/**");
}

@Bean
public JWTAuthenticationTokenFilter jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter() {
return new JWTAuthenticationTokenFilter(jwtProperties);
}

@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean jwtFilter() {
FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
registrationBean.setFilter(jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter());
return registrationBean;
}




}

6.7 Spring Security配置类

package com.example.springboot.jwt.configuration;


import com.example.springboot.jwt.core.encode.CustomPasswordEncoder;
import com.example.springboot.jwt.web.filter.JWTAuthenticationTokenFilter;
import com.example.springboot.jwt.web.handler.JWTAuthenticationEntryPoint;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.WebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.config.http.SessionCreationPolicy;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;

/**
*

* SecurityConfiguration
*

*
*

* @author mazq
* 修改记录
* 修改后版本: 修改人:修改日期: 2020/04/30 15:58 修改内容:
*

*/

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@Order(1)
public class SecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

@Autowired
@Qualifier("jwtUserService")
private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
@Autowired
private JWTAuthenticationEntryPoint jwtAuthenticationEntryPoint;
@Autowired
private JWTAuthenticationTokenFilter jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter;

@Bean
@Override
public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
return super.authenticationManagerBean();
}


@Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService)
.passwordEncoder(new CustomPasswordEncoder());
auth.parentAuthenticationManager(authenticationManagerBean());

}

@Override
public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
//解决静态资源被拦截的问题
web.ignoring().antMatchers("/asserts/**");
web.ignoring().antMatchers("/favicon.ico");
}

@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http // 配置登录页并允许访问
.formLogin().loginPage("/login").permitAll()
// 登录成功被调用
//.successHandler(new MyAuthenticationSuccessHandler())
// 配置登出页面
.and().logout().logoutUrl("/logout").logoutSuccessUrl("/")
.and().authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/oauth/**", "/login/**", "/logout/**","/authenticate/**").permitAll()
// 其余所有请求全部需要鉴权认证
.anyRequest().authenticated()
// 自定义authenticationEntryPoint
.and().exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(jwtAuthenticationEntryPoint )
// 不使用Session
.and().sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
// 关闭跨域保护;
.and().csrf().disable();
// JWT 过滤器
http.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);

}



@Bean
public PasswordEncoder bcryptPasswordEncoder() {
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}


}

6.8 自定义登录页面


lang="zh" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" />
name="description" content="" />
name="author" content="" />
</span>Signin Template for Bootstrap<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);">

href="../static/asserts/css/bootstrap.min.css" th:href="@{asserts/css/bootstrap.min.css}" rel="stylesheet" />

href="../static/asserts/css/signin.css" th:href="@{asserts/css/signin.css}" rel="stylesheet"/>


class="text-center">
class="form-signin" th:action="@{/authenticate}" method="post">
class="mb-4" th:src="@{asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg}" alt="" width="72" height="72" />

class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal" th:text="#{messages.tip}">Oauth2.0 Login


="sr-only" th:text="#{messages.username}">Username
type="text" class="form-control" name="username" id="username" th:placeholder="#{messages.username}" required="" autofocus="" value="nicky" />
="sr-only" th:text="#{messages.password} ">Password
type="password" class="form-control" name="password" id="password" th:placeholder="#{messages.password}" required="" value="123" />
class="checkbox mb-3">

type="checkbox" value="remember-me" /> remember me



class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">© 2019


class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/login(lang='zh_CN')} ">中文
class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/login(lang='en_US')} ">English







LoginController.java:



@GetMapping(value = {"/login"})
public ModelAndView toLogin(){
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
modelAndView.setViewName("login");
return modelAndView;
}

@PostMapping(value = "/authenticate")
@ResponseBody
public ResponseEntity authenticate( UserDto userDto, HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
// ... 省略用户登录校验代码
UserDetails userDetails = userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(userDto.getUsername());
String token = jwtTokenUtil.generateToken(userDetails);
response.setHeader(jwtProperties.getTokenKey(),jwtProperties.getTokenPrefix()+token);
return ResponseEntity.ok(token);
}


输入账号密码,校验通过,返回jwt的令牌token

eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoxLCJ1c2VyX25hbWUiOiJuaWNreSIsInNjb3BlIjpbIlJPTEVfQURNSU4iXSwibm9uX2V4cGlyZWQiOmZhbHNlLCJleHAiOjE1OTQyODgyMzksImlhdCI6MTU5NDI4NDYzOCwiZW5hYmxlZCI6dHJ1ZSwibm9uX2xvY2tlZCI6ZmFsc2V9.bxGCCBSQE5cgVSl9Lve-vyDtITw1gL5i2-O-B5uEgno

测试令牌,官方测试链接:https://jwt.io/#debugger-io

base64:

package com.example.springboot.jwt.web.controller;

import com.example.springboot.jwt.configuration.JWTProperties;
import com.example.springboot.jwt.core.jwt.util.JWTTokenUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

/**
*

* UserController
*

*
*

* @author mazq
* 修改记录
* 修改后版本: 修改人:修改日期: 2020/07/07 14:14 修改内容:
*

*/

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "api/user")
public class UserController {

@Autowired
JWTProperties jwtProperties;
@Autowired
JWTTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;

@GetMapping("/auth-info")
public ResponseEntity authInfo(HttpServletRequest request) {
String authHeader = request.getHeader(jwtProperties.getTokenKey());
String token = authHeader.substring(7);
return ResponseEntity.ok(jwtTokenUtil.getUsernameFromClaims(token));
}
}

复制生成的jwt令牌,设置Request Header




往期精彩推荐



腾讯、阿里、滴滴后台面试题汇总总结 — (含答案)

面试:史上最全多线程面试题 !

最新阿里内推Java后端面试题

JVM难学?那是因为你没认真看完这篇文章


END


关注作者微信公众号 —《JAVA烂猪皮》


了解更多java后端架构知识以及最新面试宝典


你点的每个好看,我都认真当成了


看完本文记得给作者点赞+在看哦~~~大家的支持,是作者源源不断出文的动力


作者:SmileNicky

出处:https://www.cnblogs.com/mzq123/p/13278935.html

浏览 23
点赞
评论
收藏
分享

手机扫一扫分享

分享
举报
评论
图片
表情
推荐
点赞
评论
收藏
分享

手机扫一扫分享

分享
举报