整理了一系列的JavaScript树操作方法,不用再一遍又一遍的百度了

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2021-10-11 10:28

前言

树结构的数据操作对于一个开发者来说是一个必备的技能。在实际的业务开发中,我们也会遇到许多树结构的体现,比如最常见的地域树,以及企业结构树、校级组织树等等。

下面整理了一系列的关于JavaScript树的操作方法,结合示例,相信大家在实际开发工作中或多或少都会用到。

数组扁平化

示例

const arr = [1, [2, [34]], 5, [6]];

方法

1、递归

const flatten = (arr) => {
    let res = [];
    arr.map(item => {
        if(Array.isArray(item)) {
            res = res.concat(flatten(item));
        } else {
            res.push(item);
        }
    });
    return res;
}

2、reduce

const flatten = (arr) => {
    return arr.reduce((result, item)=> {
        return result.concat(Array.isArray(item) ? flatten(item) : item);
    }, []);
}

3、flat

const flatten = (arr) => {
    return arr.flat(Infinity)
}

运行结果

const result = flatten(arr);
console.log(result);

// 运行结果
[123456]

数组转树形结构

示例

const arr = [
    {
        name'小明',
        id1,
        pid0,
    },
    {
        name'小花',
        id11,
        pid1,
    },
    {
        name'小华',
        id111,
        pid11,
    },
    {
        name'小李',
        id112,
        pid11,
    },
    {
        name'小红',
        id12,
        pid1,
    },
    {
        name'小王',
        id2,
        pid0,
    },
    {
        name'小林',
        id21,
        pid2,
    },
    {
        name'小李',
        id22,
        pid2,
    }
]

方法

1、非递归

 const arrayToTree = (arr) => {
    let result = [];
    if (!Array.isArray(arr) || arr.length === 0) {
        return result
    }
    let map = {};
    arr.forEach(item => map[item.id] = item);
    arr.forEach(item => {
        const parent = map[item.pid];
        if(parent){
            (parent.children || (parent.children=[])).push(item);
        } else {
            result.push(item);
        }
    })
    return result
}

2、递归

const arrayToTree = (arr, pid) => {
    let res = [];
    arr.forEach(item => {
        if(item.pid === pid){
            let itemChildren = arrayToTree(arr,item.id);
            if(itemChildren.length) {
                item.children = itemChildren;
            }
            res.push(item);
        }
    });
    return res;
}

运行结果

// const result = arrayToTree(arr);
const result = arrayToTree(arr, 0);
console.log(result);

// 运行结果
[
    {
        "name""小明",
        "id"1,
        "pid"0,
        "children": [
            {
                "name""小花",
                "id"11,
                "pid"1,
                "children": [
                    {
                        "name""小华",
                        "id"111,
                        "pid"11
                    },
                    {
                        "name""小李",
                        "id"112,
                        "pid"11
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "name""小红",
                "id"12,
                "pid"1
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "name""小王",
        "id"2,
        "pid"0,
        "children": [
            {
                "name""小林",
                "id"21,
                "pid"2
            },
            {
                "name""小李",
                "id"22,
                "pid"2
            }
        ]
    }
]

树形结构转数组(扁平化)

示例

const tree = [
    {
        name'小明',
        id1,
        pid0,
        children: [
            {
                name'小花',
                id11,
                pid1,
                children: [
                    {
                        name'小华',
                        id111,
                        pid11,
                    },
                    {
                        name'小李',
                        id112,
                        pid11,
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                name'小红',
                id12,
                pid1,
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        name'小王',
        id2,
        pid0,
        children: [
            {
                name'小林',
                id21,
                pid2,
            },
            {
                name'小李',
                id22,
                pid2,
            }
        ]
    }
]

方法

1、深度优先遍历

const treeToArray = (tree) => {
    let stack = tree,
        result = [];
    while(stack.length !== 0){
        let pop = stack.pop();
        result.push({
            id: pop.id,
            name: pop.name,
            pid: pop.pid
        })
        let children = pop.children
        if(children){
            for(let i = children.length-1; i >=0; i--){
                stack.push(children[i])
            }
        }
    }
    return result
}

2、广度优先遍历

const treeToArray = (tree) => {
    let queue = tree,
        result = [];
    while(queue.length !== 0){
        let shift = queue.shift();
        result.push({
            id: shift.id,
            name: shift.name,
            pid: shift.pid
        })
        let children = shift.children
        if(children){
            for(let i = 0; i < children.length; i++){
                queue.push(children[i])
            }
        }
    }
    return result
}

3、不用考虑除children外的其他属性

const treeToArray = (source)=>{
    let res = []
    source.forEach(item=>{
        res.push(item)
        item.children && res.push(...treeToArray(item.children))
    })
    return res.map((item) => {
        if (item.children) {
            delete item.children
        }
        return item
    })
}

运行结果

const result = treeToArray(tree);
console.log(result);

// 运行结果
[
    {
        "name""小明",
        "id"1,
        "pid"0
    },
    {
        "name""小花",
        "id"11,
        "pid"1
    },
    {
        "name""小华",
        "id"111,
        "pid"11
    },
    {
        "name""小李",
        "id"112,
        "pid"11
    },
    {
        "name""小红",
        "id"12,
        "pid"1
    },
    {
        "name""小王",
        "id"2,
        "pid"0
    },
    {
        "name""小林",
        "id"21,
        "pid"2
    },
    {
        "name""小李",
        "id"22,
        "pid"2
    }
]

树筛选,保留符合条件的数据并返回树结构

示例

const tree = [
    {
        name'小明',
        id1,
        pid0,
        showtrue,
        children: [
            {
                name'小花',
                id11,
                pid1,
                showtrue,
                children: [
                    {
                        name'小华',
                        id111,
                        pid11,
                    },
                    {
                        name'小李',
                        id112,
                        pid11,
                        showtrue,
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                name'小红',
                id12,
                pid1,
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        name'小王',
        id2,
        pid0,
        showtrue,
        children: [
            {
                name'小林',
                id21,
                pid2,
            },
            {
                name'小李',
                id22,
                pid2,
            }
        ]
    }
]

方法

筛选出show为true数据

const filterTreeByFunc = (tree, func) => {
    if (!Array.isArray(tree) || tree.length === 0) {
        return []
    }
    return tree.filter(item => {
        item.children = item.children && filterTreeByFunc(item.children, func)
        return func(item) || (item.children && item.children.length)
    })
}

const func = (item) => {
    return item.show === true
}

运行结果

const result = filterTreeByFunc(tree, func);
console.log(result);

// 运行结果
[
    {
        "name""小明",
        "id"1,
        "pid"0,
        "show"true,
        "children": [
            {
                "name""小花",
                "id"11,
                "pid"1,
                "show"true,
                "children": [
                    {
                        "name""小李",
                        "id"112,
                        "pid"11,
                        "show"true
                    }
                ]
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "name""小王",
        "id"2,
        "pid"0,
        "show"true,
        "children": []
    }
]

查找某一节点在树中路径

示例

const tree = [
    {
        name'小明',
        id1,
        pid0,
        children: [
            {
                name'小花',
                id11,
                pid1,
                children: [
                    {
                        name'小华',
                        id111,
                        pid11,
                    },
                    {
                        name'小李',
                        id112,
                        pid11,
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                name'小红',
                id12,
                pid1,
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        name'小王',
        id2,
        pid0,
        children: [
            {
                name'小林',
                id21,
                pid2,
            },
            {
                name'小李',
                id22,
                pid2,
            }
        ]
    }
]

方法

const getNodePath = (tree, id) => {
    if (!Array.isArray(tree) || tree.length === 0) {
        return []
    }
    const path = []
    const treeFindPath = (tree, id, path) => {
        for (const item of tree) {
            path.push(item.id);
            if (item.id === id) {
                return path
            }
            if (item.children) {
                const findChildren = treeFindPath(item.children,id, path);
                if (findChildren.length) {
                    return findChildren;
                }
            }
            path.pop();
        }
        return [];
    }
    return treeFindPath(tree, id, path)
}

运行结果

const result = getNodePath(tree, 112);
console.log(result);

// 运行结果
[111112]

模糊查询树

示例

const tree = [
    {
        name'小明前端专家',
        id1,
        pid0,
        children: [
            {
                name'小花前端程序媛',
                id11,
                pid1,
                children: [
                    {
                        name'小华划水运动员',
                        id111,
                        pid11,
                    },
                    {
                        name'小李摸鱼运动员',
                        id112,
                        pid11,
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                name'小红摸鱼程序员',
                id12,
                pid1,
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        name'小王内卷王',
        id2,
        pid0,
        children: [
            {
                name'小林摸鱼王',
                id21,
                pid2,
            },
            {
                name'小李后端程序员',
                id22,
                pid2,
            }
        ]
    }
]

方法

const fuzzyQueryTree = (arr, value) => {
    if (!Array.isArray(arr) || arr.length === 0) {
        return []
    }
    let result = [];
    arr.forEach(item => {
        if (item.name.indexOf(value) > -1) {
            const children = fuzzyQueryTree(item.children, value);
            const obj = { ...item, children }
            result.push(obj);
        } else {
            if (item.children && item.children.length > 0) {
                const children = fuzzyQueryTree(item.children, value);
                const obj = { ...item, children }
                if (children && children.length > 0) {
                    result.push(obj);
                }
            }
        }
    });
    return result;
};

运行结果

const result = fuzzyQueryTree(tree,'程序');
console.log(result);

// 运行结果
[
    {
        "name""小明前端专家",
        "id"1,
        "pid"0,
        "children": [
            {
                "name""小花前端程序媛",
                "id"11,
                "pid"1,
                "children": []
            },
            {
                "name""小红摸鱼程序员",
                "id"12,
                "pid"1,
                "children": []
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "name""小王内卷王",
        "id"2,
        "pid"0,
        "children": [
            {
                "name""小李后端程序员",
                "id"22,
                "pid"2,
                "children": []
            }
        ]
    }
]

树节点添加属性

示例

const tree = [
    {
        name'小明',
        id1,
        pid0,
        children: [
            {
                name'小花',
                id11,
                pid1,
                children: [
                    {
                        name'小华',
                        id111,
                        pid11,
                    },
                    {
                        name'小李',
                        id112,
                        pid11,
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                name'小红',
                id12,
                pid1,
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        name'小王',
        id2,
        pid0,
        children: [
            {
                name'小林',
                id21,
                pid2,
            },
            {
                name'小李',
                id22,
                pid2,
            }
        ]
    }
]

方法

const addAttrToNodes = (tree) => {
    tree.forEach((item) => {
        item.title = '新生代农民工'
        if (item.children && item.children.length > 0) {
            addAttrToNodes(item.children)
        }
    })
    return tree
}

运行结果

const result = addAttrToNodes(tree);
console.log(result);

// 运行结果
[
    {
        "name""小明",
        "id"1,
        "pid"0,
        "children": [
            {
                "name""小花",
                "id"11,
                "pid"1,
                "children": [
                    {
                        "name""小华",
                        "id"111,
                        "pid"11,
                        "title""新生代农民工"
                    },
                    {
                        "name""小李",
                        "id"112,
                        "pid"11,
                        "title""新生代农民工"
                    }
                ],
                "title""新生代农民工"
            },
            {
                "name""小红",
                "id"12,
                "pid"1,
                "title""新生代农民工"
            }
        ],
        "title""新生代农民工"
    },
    {
        "name""小王",
        "id"2,
        "pid"0,
        "children": [
            {
                "name""小林",
                "id"21,
                "pid"2,
                "title""新生代农民工"
            },
            {
                "name""小李",
                "id"22,
                "pid"2,
                "title""新生代农民工"
            }
        ],
        "title""新生代农民工"
    }
]

树节点删除属性

示例

这里直接使用上面——「树形结构节点添加属性」的运行结果

方法

const removeAttrFromNode = (tree) => {
    tree.forEach((item) => {
        delete item.title
        if (item.children && item.children.length > 0) {
            removeAttrFromNode(item.children)
        }
    })
    return tree
}

运行结果

const result = removeAttrFromNode(tree);
console.log(result);

// 运行结果
[
    {
        "name""小明",
        "id"1,
        "pid"0,
        "children": [
            {
                "name""小花",
                "id"11,
                "pid"1,
                "children": [
                    {
                        "name""小华",
                        "id"111,
                        "pid"11
                    },
                    {
                        "name""小李",
                        "id"112,
                        "pid"11
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "name""小红",
                "id"12,
                "pid"1
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "name""小王",
        "id"2,
        "pid"0,
        "children": [
            {
                "name""小林",
                "id"21,
                "pid"2
            },
            {
                "name""小李",
                "id"22,
                "pid"2
            }
        ]
    }
]

删除树中的空children

示例

const tree = [
    {
        name'小明',
        id1,
        pid0,
        children: [
            {
                name'小花',
                id11,
                pid1,
                children: [
                    {
                        name'小华',
                        id111,
                        pid11,
                    },
                    {
                        name'小李',
                        id112,
                        pid11,
                        children: []
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                name'小红',
                id12,
                pid1,
                children: []
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        name'小王',
        id2,
        pid0,
        children: [
            {
                name'小林',
                id21,
                pid2,
            },
            {
                name'小李',
                id22,
                pid2,
                children: []
            }
        ]
    }
]

方法

const removeEmptyChildren = (tree) => {
    tree.forEach((item) => {
        if (item.children && item.children.length ===0) {
            delete item.children
        } else if (item.children && item.children.length > 0) {
            removeEmptyChildren(item.children)
        }
    })
    return tree
}

运行结果

const result = removeEmptyChildren(tree);
console.log(result);

// 运行结果
[
    {
        "name""小明",
        "id"1,
        "pid"0,
        "children": [
            {
                "name""小花",
                "id"11,
                "pid"1,
                "children": [
                    {
                        "name""小华",
                        "id"111,
                        "pid"11
                    },
                    {
                        "name""小李",
                        "id"112,
                        "pid"11
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "name""小红",
                "id"12,
                "pid"1
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "name""小王",
        "id"2,
        "pid"0,
        "children": [
            {
                "name""小林",
                "id"21,
                "pid"2
            },
            {
                "name""小李",
                "id"22,
                "pid"2
            }
        ]
    }
]

获取树中所有的叶子节点

示例

const tree = [
    {
        name'小明',
        id1,
        pid0,
        children: [
            {
                name'小花',
                id11,
                pid1,
                children: [
                    {
                        name'小华',
                        id111,
                        pid11,
                    },
                    {
                        name'小李',
                        id112,
                        pid11,
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                name'小红',
                id12,
                pid1,
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        name'小王',
        id2,
        pid0,
        children: [
            {
                name'小林',
                id21,
                pid2,
            },
            {
                name'小李',
                id22,
                pid2,
            }
        ]
    }
]

方法

const getAllLeaf = (tree) => {
    const result = []
    const getLeaf = (tree) => {
        tree.forEach((item) => {
            if (!item.children) {
                result.push(item)
            } else {
                getLeaf(item.children)
            }
        })
    }
    getLeaf(tree)
    return result
}

运行结果

const result = getAllLeaf(tree);
console.log(result);

// 运行结果
[
    {
        "name""小华",
        "id"111,
        "pid"11
    },
    {
        "name""小李",
        "id"112,
        "pid"11
    },
    {
        "name""小红",
        "id"12,
        "pid"1
    },
    {
        "name""小林",
        "id"21,
        "pid"2
    },
    {
        "name""小李",
        "id"22,
        "pid"2
    }
]

参考

https://wintc.top/article/20

https://www.cnblogs.com/mengff/p/13142128.html

https://blog.csdn.net/susuzhe123/article/details/95353403

https://blog.csdn.net/web_yueqiang/article/details/89483971

最后

本文整理了一系列的关于JavaScript树的操作方法,相当于平时的一个总结。大家可以拿来即用,或者根据实际的业务进行参考修改。

如果大家有更好的实现方式,或者自己在开发中遇到的,但是上面没有涉及到的,欢迎提出来,大家一起讨论一起进步~


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