Proxy使用详解
来源 | https://www.cnblogs.com/chuaWeb/p/13676000.html
通用
2、代理实例中没有指定的handler,实际就是操作原对象target:实例:打开控制台查看:http://jsrun.net/3RLKp/edit
let target = function(){return 'ddd'}
let proxy = new Proxy(target, {});
proxy.prototype.age = 12
console.log(proxy.prototype === target.prototype) // true
MDN上有一个实例比较特别【拓展构造函数】,来看一下:在线例子:http://jsrun.net/cRLKp/edit
function extend(sup, base) {
var descriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(
base.prototype, 'constructor'
);
base.prototype = Object.create(sup.prototype);
var handler = {
construct: function(target, args) {
var obj = Object.create(base.prototype);
this.apply(target, obj, args);
return obj;
},
apply: function(target, that, args) {
sup.apply(that, args);
base.apply(that, args);
}
};
var proxy = new Proxy(base, handler);
descriptor.value = proxy;
Object.defineProperty(base.prototype, 'constructor', descriptor);
return proxy;
}
var Person = function(name) {
this.name = name;
};
var Boy = extend(Person, function(name, age) {
this.age = age;
});
Boy.prototype.gender = 'M';
var Peter = new Boy('Peter', 13);
console.log(Peter.gender); // "M"
console.log(Peter.name); // "Peter"
console.log(Peter.age); // 13
执行 var Peter = new Boy('Peter', 13);
new操作进入到handler.construct,里面的上下文环境this绑定在handler(可以查看MDN文档描述)。直接调用this.apply进入handler.apply执行。new操作执行完毕之后的数据结构
巧妙利用原型链和代理
handler形参中的receiver
但是如果对象继承了代理对象的情况,如下:
"use strict"
const proxy = new Proxy({}, {
get: function(target, prop, receiver) {
if(proxy === receiver){
console.log('receiver为proxy')
}
else if(obj === receiver){
console.log('receiver为obj')
}else{
console.log('receiver不为proxy也不为obj')
}
return 'chua';
}
});
proxy.dd // receiver为proxy
let obj = Object.create(proxy);
obj.msg // receiver为obj
obj是obj.msg触发handler的原始调用(源头)
handler.set
set必须返回一个boolean类型
注意:返回的数据如果不是boolean类型,会转换成布尔类型,假值包括:undefined,null,false, +0, -0, NaN, "" :实例
const target = {
msg: "hello"
};
const handler = {
set: function(target, prop, value, receiver){
target[prop] = value
// return true
}
};
const proxy = new Proxy(target, handler);
proxy.msg = 'wow' // Uncaught TypeError: 'set' on proxy: trap returned falsish for property 'msg'
1、如果相应的目标对象属性是不可写的数据属性,则无法将属性的值更改为与相应目标对象属性的值不同的值。实例:严格模式
var obj = {}
Object.defineProperty(obj, 'year', {
// configurable: false, 默认false
// writable: false, 默认false
value: 2
})
Object.defineProperty(obj, 'class', {
configurable: true,
// writable: false, 默认false
value: 'chua'
})
var proxy = new Proxy(obj, {
set(target, prop, val){
target[prop] = val
return true
}
})
proxy.card = 'sdf' // 设置成功
proxy.year = 10 // Uncaught TypeError: Cannot assign to read only property 'year' of object
proxy.class = 'dd' // Uncaught TypeError: Cannot assign to read only property 'class' of object
var obj = {}
const definereactive = function(data, key, val) {
Object.defineProperty(data, key, {
get: function(){
return val
},
set: undefined // 应该设置成下面这个正确的函数
// function(newVal) {
// val = newVal;
// }
});
}
definereactive(obj, 'year', obj.year)
var proxy = new Proxy(obj, {
set(target, prop, val){
target[prop] = val
return true
}
})
obj.year = 20 // Uncaught TypeError: Cannot set property year of #
proxy.year = 30 // Uncaught TypeError: Cannot set property year of #
复杂对象
const target = {
info: {
name: 'chua',
age: 18
}
};
const handler = {
set: function(target, prop, value, receiver){
console.log('in handler.set', target, prop, value, receiver)
target[prop] = value
return true
}
};
const proxy = new Proxy(target, handler);
proxy.info.name = 'chua1989' // 没有进入handler.set, 需要直接更改info属性才行
console.log(proxy.info.name) // chua1989
handler.has
1、target的某属性为不可配置,则该属性不能被代理隐藏(即handle.has不能返回false): 在线运行
var obj = {}
Object.defineProperty(obj, 'year', {
configurable: false,
value: 2
})
var proxy = new Proxy(obj, {
has: function(target, prop) {
console.log('called: ' + prop);
return false;
}
})
console.log('year' in proxy); // Uncaught TypeError: 'has' on proxy: trap returned falsish for property 'year' which exists in the proxy target as non-configurable
var obj = { year: 2}
Object.preventExtensions(obj);
var proxy = new Proxy(obj, {
has: function(target, prop) {
console.log('called: ' + prop);
return false;
}
})
console.log('a' in proxy); // 不存在的属性没有问题
console.log('year' in proxy); // Uncaught TypeError: 'has' on proxy: trap returned falsish for property 'year' but the proxy target is not extensible
handler.construct
const p = new Proxy({}, {
construct: function(target, argumentsList, newTarget) {
return function(){};
}
});
new p(); // proxy.html:16 Uncaught TypeError: p is not a constructor
const p = new Proxy(function() {}, {
construct: function(target, argumentsList, newTarget) {
return 1;
}
});
new p(); // TypeError is thrown
const p = new Proxy(function() {}, {
construct: function(target, argumentsList, newTarget) {
return function(){};
}
});
new p();
handler.deleteProperty
var p = new Proxy({}, {
deleteProperty: function(target, prop) {
console.log('called: ' + prop);
return false;
}
});
delete p.a; // "called: a"
var obj = {}
Object.defineProperty(obj, 'a', {
configurable: false
})
var p = new Proxy(obj, {
deleteProperty: function(target, prop) {
console.log('called: ' + prop);
return true;
}
});
delete p.a; // "called: a" // Uncaught TypeError: 'deleteProperty' on proxy: trap returned truish for property 'a' which is non-configurable in the proxy target
handler.defineProperty
如果目标对象的某个属性不可写(writable)或不可配置(configurable),则defineProperty()方法不得改变这两个设置(这是Object.defineProperty的特性)。
handler.getPrototypeOf
getPrototypeOf() 方法返回的不是对象也不是 null。
目标对象是不可扩展的,且 getPrototypeOf() 方法返回的原型不是目标对象本身的原型。
handler.isExtensible
Object.isExtensible(proxy) 必须同Object.isExtensible(target)返回相同值。也就是必须返回true或者为true的值,返回false和为false的值都会报错。
handler.ownKeys
1、目标对象上不存在的属性
2、属性名为 Symbol 值
3、不可遍历(enumerable)的属性
1、ownKeys 的结果必须是一个数组.
2、数组的元素类型要么是一个 String ,要么是一个 Symbol.
3、结果列表必须包含目标对象的所有不可配置(non-configurable )、自有(own)属性的key.
4、如果目标对象不可扩展,那么结果列表必须包含目标对象的所有自有(own)属性的key,不能有其它值.
handler.preventExtensions
handler.setPrototypeOf
如果你不想为你的对象设置一个新的原型,你的handler's的setPrototypeOf方法可以返回false,也可以抛出异常。
var handlerReturnsFalse = {
setPrototypeOf(target, newProto) {
return false;
}
};
var newProto = {}, target = {};
var p1 = new Proxy(target, handlerReturnsFalse);
Object.setPrototypeOf(p1, newProto); // throws a TypeError
Reflect.setPrototypeOf(p1, newProto); // returns false
if(Reflect.setPrototypeOf(p1, newProto)){
...
}
handler的属性方法中的this
const target = new Date();
const handler = {};
const proxy = new Proxy(target, handler);
proxy.getDate();
// TypeError: this is not a Date object.
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