gorilla/mux请求路由和分发的 Go 框架

gorilla/mux 实现了一个请求路由和分发的 Go 框架。

mux 名字的意思是 "HTTP request multiplexer". 和标准包 http.ServeMux类似，  mux.Router根据已注册路由列表匹配传入请求，并调用与URL或其他条件匹配的路由的处理程序。

主要特性：

• It implements the http.Handler interface so it is compatible with the standard http.ServeMux.
• Requests can be matched based on URL host, path, path prefix, schemes, header and query values, HTTP methods or using custom matchers.
• URL hosts, paths and query values can have variables with an optional regular expression.
• Registered URLs can be built, or "reversed", which helps maintaining references to resources.
• Routes can be used as subrouters: nested routes are only tested if the parent route matches. This is useful to define groups of routes that share common conditions like a host, a path prefix or other repeated attributes. As a bonus, this optimizes request matching.

安装

go get -u github.com/gorilla/mux

代码示例

func main() {
    r := mux.NewRouter()
    r.HandleFunc("/", HomeHandler)
    r.HandleFunc("/products", ProductsHandler)
    r.HandleFunc("/articles", ArticlesHandler)
    http.Handle("/", r)
}

这里我们注册了三个 URL 匹配路由进行处理。路径也可以是变量：

r := mux.NewRouter()
r.HandleFunc("/products/{key}", ProductHandler)
r.HandleFunc("/articles/{category}/", ArticlesCategoryHandler)
r.HandleFunc("/articles/{category}/{id:[0-9]+}", ArticleHandler)

这些名称用于创建路由变量的映射，可以通过调用mux.Vars 获取：

func ArticlesCategoryHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    vars := mux.Vars(r)
    w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
    fmt.Fprintf(w, "Category: %v\n", vars["category"])
}