KubeEyeKubernetes 集群自动巡检工具

联合创作 · 2023-09-27 16:00

KubeEye 旨在发现 Kubernetes 上的各种问题,比如应用配置错误(使用Polaris)、集群组件不健康和节点问题(使用Node-Problem-Detector)。除了预定义的规则,它还支持自定义规则。


架构图


KubeEye 通过调用Kubernetes API,通过常规匹配日志中的关键错误信息和容器语法的规则匹配来获取集群诊断数据,详见架构。


kubeeye-architecture


怎么使用



  • 机器上安装 KubeEye



    • 从 Releases 中下载预构建的可执行文件。

    • 或者你也可以从源代码构建





    git clone https://github.com/kubesphere/kubeeye.git
    cd kubeeye
    make install



  • [可选] 安装 Node-problem-Detector
    注意:这一行将在你的集群上安装 npd,只有当你想要详细的报告时才需要。
    ke install npd


  • KubeEye 执行






root@node1:# ke diag
NODENAME SEVERITY HEARTBEATTIME REASON MESSAGE
node18 Fatal 2020-11-19T10:32:03+08:00 NodeStatusUnknown Kubelet stopped posting node status.
node19 Fatal 2020-11-19T10:31:37+08:00 NodeStatusUnknown Kubelet stopped posting node status.
node2 Fatal 2020-11-19T10:31:14+08:00 NodeStatusUnknown Kubelet stopped posting node status.
node3 Fatal 2020-11-27T17:36:53+08:00 KubeletNotReady Container runtime not ready: RuntimeReady=false reason:DockerDaemonNotReady message:docker: failed to get docker version: Cannot connect to the Docker daemon at unix:///var/run/docker.sock. Is the docker daemon running?

NAME SEVERITY TIME MESSAGE
scheduler Fatal 2020-11-27T17:09:59+08:00 Get http://127.0.0.1:10251/healthz: dial tcp 127.0.0.1:10251: connect: connection refused
etcd-0 Fatal 2020-11-27T17:56:37+08:00 Get https://192.168.13.8:2379/health: dial tcp 192.168.13.8:2379: connect: connection refused

NAMESPACE SEVERITY PODNAME EVENTTIME REASON MESSAGE
default Warning node3.164b53d23ea79fc7 2020-11-27T17:37:34+08:00 ContainerGCFailed rpc error: code = Unknown desc = Cannot connect to the Docker daemon at unix:///var/run/docker.sock. Is the docker daemon running?
default Warning node3.164b553ca5740aae 2020-11-27T18:03:31+08:00 FreeDiskSpaceFailed failed to garbage collect required amount of images. Wanted to free 5399374233 bytes, but freed 416077545 bytes
default Warning nginx-b8ffcf679-q4n9v.16491643e6b68cd7 2020-11-27T17:09:24+08:00 Failed Error: ImagePullBackOff
default Warning node3.164b5861e041a60e 2020-11-27T19:01:09+08:00 SystemOOM System OOM encountered, victim process: stress, pid: 16713
default Warning node3.164b58660f8d4590 2020-11-27T19:01:27+08:00 OOMKilling Out of memory: Kill process 16711 (stress) score 205 or sacrifice child Killed process 16711 (stress), UID 0, total-vm:826516kB, anon-rss:819296kB, file-rss:0kB, shmem-rss:0kB
insights-agent Warning workloads-1606467120.164b519ca8c67416 2020-11-27T16:57:05+08:00 DeadlineExceeded Job was active longer than specified deadline
kube-system Warning calico-node-zvl9t.164b3dc50580845d 2020-11-27T17:09:35+08:00 DNSConfigForming Nameserver limits were exceeded, some nameservers have been omitted, the applied nameserver line is: 100.64.11.3 114.114.114.114 119.29.29.29
kube-system Warning kube-proxy-4bnn7.164b3dc4f4c4125d 2020-11-27T17:09:09+08:00 DNSConfigForming Nameserver limits were exceeded, some nameservers have been omitted, the applied nameserver line is: 100.64.11.3 114.114.114.114 119.29.29.29
kube-system Warning nodelocaldns-2zbhh.164b3dc4f42d358b 2020-11-27T17:09:14+08:00 DNSConfigForming Nameserver limits were exceeded, some nameservers have been omitted, the applied nameserver line is: 100.64.11.3 114.114.114.114 119.29.29.29


NAMESPACE SEVERITY NAME KIND TIME MESSAGE
kube-system Warning node-problem-detector DaemonSet 2020-11-27T17:09:59+08:00 [livenessProbeMissing runAsPrivileged]
kube-system Warning calico-node DaemonSet 2020-11-27T17:09:59+08:00 [runAsPrivileged cpuLimitsMissing]
kube-system Warning nodelocaldns DaemonSet 2020-11-27T17:09:59+08:00 [cpuLimitsMissing runAsPrivileged]
default Warning nginx Deployment 2020-11-27T17:09:59+08:00 [cpuLimitsMissing livenessProbeMissing tagNotSpecified]
insights-agent Warning workloads CronJob 2020-11-27T17:09:59+08:00 [livenessProbeMissing]
insights-agent Warning cronjob-executor Job 2020-11-27T17:09:59+08:00 [livenessProbeMissing]
kube-system Warning calico-kube-controllers Deployment 2020-11-27T17:09:59+08:00 [cpuLimitsMissing livenessProbeMissing]
kube-system Warning coredns Deployment 2020-11-27T17:09:59+08:00 [cpuLimitsMissing]



您可以参考常见FAQ内容来优化您的集群。


KubeEye 能做什么



  • KubeEye 可以发现你的集群控制平面的问题,包括 kube-apiserver/kube-controller-manager/etcd 等。

  • KubeEye 可以帮助你检测各种节点问题,包括内存/CPU/磁盘压力,意外的内核错误日志等。

  • KubeEye 根据行业最佳实践验证你的工作负载 yaml 规范,帮助你使你的集群稳定。


检查项




























































































































































































































































是/否 检查项 描述
✅ ETCDHealthStatus 如果 etcd 启动并正常运行
✅ ControllerManagerHealthStatus 如果 kubernetes kube-controller-manager 正常启动并运行
✅ SchedulerHealthStatus 如果 kubernetes kube-schedule 正常启动并运行
✅ NodeMemory 如果节点内存使用量超过阈值
✅ DockerHealthStatus 如果 docker 正常运行
✅ NodeDisk 如果节点磁盘使用量超过阈值
✅ KubeletHealthStatus 如果 kubelet 激活状态且正常运行
✅ NodeCPU 如果节点 CPU 使用量超过阈值
✅ NodeCorruptOverlay2 Overlay2 不可用
✅ NodeKernelNULLPointer node 显示 NotReady
✅ NodeDeadlock 死锁是指两个或两个以上的进程在争夺资源时互相等待的现象。
✅ NodeOOM 监控那些消耗过多内存的进程,尤其是那些消耗大量内存非常快的进程,内核会杀掉它们,防止它们耗尽内存
✅ NodeExt4Error Ext4 挂载失败
✅ NodeTaskHung 检查D状态下是否有超过 120s 的进程
✅ NodeUnregisterNetDevice 检查对应网络
✅ NodeCorruptDockerImage 检查 docker 镜像
✅ NodeAUFSUmountHung 检查存储
✅ NodeDockerHung Docker hang住, 检查 docker 的日志
✅ PodSetLivenessProbe 如果为pod中的每一个容器设置了 livenessProbe
✅ PodSetTagNotSpecified 镜像地址没有声明标签或标签是最新
✅ PodSetRunAsPrivileged 以特权模式运行 Pod 意味着 Pod 可以访问主机的资源和内核功能
✅ PodSetImagePullBackOff Pod 无法正确拉出镜像,因此可以在相应节点上手动拉出镜像
✅ PodSetImageRegistry 检查镜像形式是否在相应仓库
✅ PodSetCpuLimitsMissing 未声明 CPU 资源限制
✅ PodNoSuchFileOrDirectory 进入容器查看相应文件是否存在
✅ PodIOError 这通常是由于文件 IO 性能瓶颈
✅ PodNoSuchDeviceOrAddress 检查对应网络
✅ PodInvalidArgument 检查对应存储
✅ PodDeviceOrResourceBusy 检查对应的目录和 PID
✅ PodFileExists 检查现有文件
✅ PodTooManyOpenFiles 程序打开的文件/套接字连接数超过系统设置值
✅ PodNoSpaceLeftOnDevice 检查磁盘和索引节点的使用情况
✅ NodeApiServerExpiredPeriod 将检查 ApiServer 证书的到期日期少于30天
✅ PodSetCpuRequestsMissing 未声明 CPU 资源请求值
✅ PodSetHostIPCSet 设置主机 IP
✅ PodSetHostNetworkSet 设置主机网络
✅ PodHostPIDSet 设置主机 PID
✅ PodMemoryRequestsMiss 没有声明内存资源请求值
✅ PodSetHostPort 设置主机端口
✅ PodSetMemoryLimitsMissing 没有声明内存资源限制值
✅ PodNotReadOnlyRootFiles 文件系统未设置为只读
✅ PodSetPullPolicyNotAlways 镜像拉策略并非总是如此
✅ PodSetRunAsRootAllowed 以 root 用户执行
✅ PodDangerousCapabilities 您在 ALL / SYS_ADMIN / NET_ADMIN 等功能中有危险的选择
✅ PodlivenessProbeMissing 未声明 ReadinessProbe
✅ privilegeEscalationAllowed 允许特权升级
  NodeNotReadyAndUseOfClosedNetworkConnection http 2-max-streams-per-connection
  NodeNotReady 无法启动 ContainerManager 无法设置属性 TasksAccounting 或未知属性

未标注的项目正在开发中


添加自定义检查规则


添加 npd 自定义检查规则



  • 安装 NPD 指令 ke install npd

  • 由 kubectl 编辑 configmap kube-system/node-problem-detector-config,





kubectl edit cm -n kube-system node-problem-detector-config




  • 在 configMap 的规则下添加异常日志信息,规则遵循正则表达式。


自定义最佳实践规则



  • 准备一个规则 yaml,例如,下面的规则将验证你的 pod 规范,以确保镜像只来自授权的注册处。





checks:
imageFromUnauthorizedRegistry: warning

customChecks:
imageFromUnauthorizedRegistry:
promptMessage: When the corresponding rule does not match. Show that image from an unauthorized registry.
category: Images
target: Container
schema:
'$schema': http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema
type: object
properties:
image:
type: string
not:
pattern: ^quay.io




  • 将上述规则保存为yaml,例如,rule.yaml。

  • 用 rule.yaml 运行 KubeEye。





root:# ke diag -f rule.yaml --kubeconfig ~/.kube/config
NAMESPACE SEVERITY NAME KIND TIME MESSAGE
default Warning nginx Deployment 2020-11-27T17:18:31+08:00 [imageFromUnauthorizedRegistry]
kube-system Warning node-problem-detector DaemonSet 2020-11-27T17:18:31+08:00 [livenessProbeMissing runAsPrivileged]
kube-system Warning calico-node DaemonSet 2020-11-27T17:18:31+08:00 [cpuLimitsMissing runAsPrivileged]
kube-system Warning calico-kube-controllers Deployment 2020-11-27T17:18:31+08:00 [cpuLimitsMissing livenessProbeMissing]
kube-system Warning nodelocaldns DaemonSet 2020-11-27T17:18:31+08:00 [runAsPrivileged cpuLimitsMissing]
default Warning nginx Deployment 2020-11-27T17:18:31+08:00 [livenessProbeMissing cpuLimitsMissing]
kube-system Warning coredns Deployment 2020-11-27T17:18:31+08:00 [cpuLimitsMissing]



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