分布式应用监控: SkyWalking 快速接入实践-技术圈

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分布式应用，会存在各种问题。而要解决这些难题，除了要应用自己做一些监控埋点外，还应该有一些外围的系统进行主动探测，主动发现。

APM工具就是干这活的，SkyWalking 是国人开源的一款优秀的APM应用，已成为apache的顶级项目。

今天我们就来实践下 SkyWalking 下吧。

实践目标：达到监控现有的几个系统，清楚各调用关系，可以找到出性能问题点。

实践步骤：

　　1. SkyWalking 服务端安装运行；
　　2. 应用端的接入；
　　3. 后台查看效果；
　　4. 分析排查问题；
　　5. 深入了解（如有心情）；

1：SkyWalking 服务端安装

下载应用包:

    # 主下载页    http://skywalking.apache.org/downloads/    # 点开具体下载地址后进行下载，如：    wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/skywalking/6.5.0/apache-skywalking-apm-6.5.0.tar.gz

解压安装包:

  tar -xzvf apache-skywalking-apm-6.5.0.tar.gz

使用默认配置端口，默认存储方式 h2, 直接启动服务：

./bin/startup.sh

好产品就是这么简单！

现在服务端就启起来了，可以打开后台地址查看(默认是8080端口): http://localhost:8080界面如下：

当然，上面是已存在应用的页面。现在你是看不到任何应用的，因为你还没有接入嘛。

2. 应用端的接入

我们只以java应用接入方式实践。

直接使用 javaagent 进行启动即可：

 java -javaagent:/root/skywalking/agent/skywalking-agent.jar -Dskywalking.agent.service_name=app1 -Dskywalking.collector.backend_service=localhost:11800 -jar myapp.jar

参数说明：

    # 参数解释    skywalking.agent.service_name: 本应用在skywalking中的名称    skywalking.collector.backend_service: skywalking 服务端地址，grpc上报地址，默认端口是 11800    # 上面两个参数也可以使用另外的表现形式    SW_AGENT_COLLECTOR_BACKEND_SERVICES: 与 skywalking.collector.backend_service 含义相同    SW_AGENT_NAME: 与 skywalking.agent.service_name 含义相同

随便访问几个接口或页面，使监控抓取到数据。

再回管理页面，已经看到有节点了。截图如上。

现在我们还可以查看各应用之间的关系了!

关系清晰吧！一目了然，代码再复杂也不怕了。

我们还可以追踪具体链路：

只要知道问题发生的时间点，即可以很快定位到发生问题的接口、系统，快速解决。

3. SkyWalking 配置文件

如上，我们并没有改任何配置文件，就让系统跑起来了。幸运的同时，我们应该要知道更多！至少配置得知道。

config/application.yml : 收集器服务端配置

webapp/webapp.yml : 配置 Web 的端口及获取数据的 OAP(Collector)的IP和端口

agent/config/agent.config : 配置 Agent 信息，如 Skywalking OAP(Collector)的地址和名称

下面是 skywalking 的默认配置，我们可以不用更改就能跑起来一个样例！更改以生产化配置！

config/application.yml

cluster:  standalone:  # Please check your ZooKeeper is 3.5+, However, it is also compatible with ZooKeeper 3.4.x. Replace the ZooKeeper 3.5+  # library the oap-libs folder with your ZooKeeper 3.4.x library.#  zookeeper:#    nameSpace: ${SW_NAMESPACE:""}#    hostPort: ${SW_CLUSTER_ZK_HOST_PORT:localhost:2181}#    #Retry Policy#    baseSleepTimeMs: ${SW_CLUSTER_ZK_SLEEP_TIME:1000} # initial amount of time to wait between retries#    maxRetries: ${SW_CLUSTER_ZK_MAX_RETRIES:3} # max number of times to retry#    # Enable ACL#    enableACL: ${SW_ZK_ENABLE_ACL:false} # disable ACL in default#    schema: ${SW_ZK_SCHEMA:digest} # only support digest schema#    expression: ${SW_ZK_EXPRESSION:skywalking:skywalking}#  kubernetes:#    watchTimeoutSeconds: ${SW_CLUSTER_K8S_WATCH_TIMEOUT:60}#    namespace: ${SW_CLUSTER_K8S_NAMESPACE:default}#    labelSelector: ${SW_CLUSTER_K8S_LABEL:app=collector,release=skywalking}#    uidEnvName: ${SW_CLUSTER_K8S_UID:SKYWALKING_COLLECTOR_UID}#  consul:#    serviceName: ${SW_SERVICE_NAME:"SkyWalking_OAP_Cluster"}#     Consul cluster nodes, example: 10.0.0.1:8500,10.0.0.2:8500,10.0.0.3:8500#    hostPort: ${SW_CLUSTER_CONSUL_HOST_PORT:localhost:8500}#  nacos:#    serviceName: ${SW_SERVICE_NAME:"SkyWalking_OAP_Cluster"}#    hostPort: ${SW_CLUSTER_NACOS_HOST_PORT:localhost:8848}#  # Nacos Configuration namespace#    namespace: 'public'#  etcd:#    serviceName: ${SW_SERVICE_NAME:"SkyWalking_OAP_Cluster"}#     etcd cluster nodes, example: 10.0.0.1:2379,10.0.0.2:2379,10.0.0.3:2379#    hostPort: ${SW_CLUSTER_ETCD_HOST_PORT:localhost:2379}core:  default:    # Mixed: Receive agent data, Level 1 aggregate, Level 2 aggregate    # Receiver: Receive agent data, Level 1 aggregate    # Aggregator: Level 2 aggregate    role: ${SW_CORE_ROLE:Mixed} # Mixed/Receiver/Aggregator    restHost: ${SW_CORE_REST_HOST:0.0.0.0}    restPort: ${SW_CORE_REST_PORT:12800}    restContextPath: ${SW_CORE_REST_CONTEXT_PATH:/}    gRPCHost: ${SW_CORE_GRPC_HOST:0.0.0.0}    gRPCPort: ${SW_CORE_GRPC_PORT:11800}    downsampling:      - Hour      - Day      - Month    # Set a timeout on metrics data. After the timeout has expired, the metrics data will automatically be deleted.    enableDataKeeperExecutor: ${SW_CORE_ENABLE_DATA_KEEPER_EXECUTOR:true} # Turn it off then automatically metrics data delete will be close.    dataKeeperExecutePeriod: ${SW_CORE_DATA_KEEPER_EXECUTE_PERIOD:5} # How often the data keeper executor runs periodically, unit is minute    recordDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_RECORD_DATA_TTL:90} # Unit is minute    minuteMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_MINUTE_METRIC_DATA_TTL:90} # Unit is minute    hourMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_HOUR_METRIC_DATA_TTL:36} # Unit is hour    dayMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_DAY_METRIC_DATA_TTL:45} # Unit is day    monthMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_MONTH_METRIC_DATA_TTL:18} # Unit is month    # Cache metric data for 1 minute to reduce database queries, and if the OAP cluster changes within that minute,    # the metrics may not be accurate within that minute.    enableDatabaseSession: ${SW_CORE_ENABLE_DATABASE_SESSION:true}storage:#  elasticsearch:#    nameSpace: ${SW_NAMESPACE:""}#    clusterNodes: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES:localhost:9200}#    protocol: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_HTTP_PROTOCOL:"http"}#    trustStorePath: ${SW_SW_STORAGE_ES_SSL_JKS_PATH:"../es_keystore.jks"}#    trustStorePass: ${SW_SW_STORAGE_ES_SSL_JKS_PASS:""}#    user: ${SW_ES_USER:""}#    password: ${SW_ES_PASSWORD:""}#    indexShardsNumber: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_INDEX_SHARDS_NUMBER:2}#    indexReplicasNumber: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_INDEX_REPLICAS_NUMBER:0}#    # Those data TTL settings will override the same settings in core module.#    recordDataTTL: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_RECORD_DATA_TTL:7} # Unit is day#    otherMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_OTHER_METRIC_DATA_TTL:45} # Unit is day#    monthMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_MONTH_METRIC_DATA_TTL:18} # Unit is month#    # Batch process setting, refer to https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/java-api/5.5/java-docs-bulk-processor.html#    bulkActions: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_BULK_ACTIONS:1000} # Execute the bulk every 1000 requests#    flushInterval: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_FLUSH_INTERVAL:10} # flush the bulk every 10 seconds whatever the number of requests#    concurrentRequests: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS:2} # the number of concurrent requests#    resultWindowMaxSize: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_QUERY_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE:10000}#    metadataQueryMaxSize: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_QUERY_MAX_SIZE:5000}#    segmentQueryMaxSize: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_QUERY_SEGMENT_SIZE:200}  h2:    driver: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_DRIVER:org.h2.jdbcx.JdbcDataSource}    url: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_URL:jdbc:h2:mem:skywalking-oap-db}    user: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_USER:sa}    metadataQueryMaxSize: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_QUERY_MAX_SIZE:5000}#  mysql:#    properties:#      jdbcUrl: ${SW_JDBC_URL:"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/swtest"}#      dataSource.user: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_USER:root}#      dataSource.password: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_PASSWORD:root@1234}#      dataSource.cachePrepStmts: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_CACHE_PREP_STMTS:true}#      dataSource.prepStmtCacheSize: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_PREP_STMT_CACHE_SQL_SIZE:250}#      dataSource.prepStmtCacheSqlLimit: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_PREP_STMT_CACHE_SQL_LIMIT:2048}#      dataSource.useServerPrepStmts: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_USE_SERVER_PREP_STMTS:true}#    metadataQueryMaxSize: ${SW_STORAGE_MYSQL_QUERY_MAX_SIZE:5000}receiver-sharing-server:  default:receiver-register:  default:receiver-trace:  default:    bufferPath: ${SW_RECEIVER_BUFFER_PATH:../trace-buffer/}  # Path to trace buffer files, suggest to use absolute path    bufferOffsetMaxFileSize: ${SW_RECEIVER_BUFFER_OFFSET_MAX_FILE_SIZE:100} # Unit is MB    bufferDataMaxFileSize: ${SW_RECEIVER_BUFFER_DATA_MAX_FILE_SIZE:500} # Unit is MB    bufferFileCleanWhenRestart: ${SW_RECEIVER_BUFFER_FILE_CLEAN_WHEN_RESTART:false}    sampleRate: ${SW_TRACE_SAMPLE_RATE:10000} # The sample rate precision is 1/10000. 10000 means 100% sample in default.    slowDBAccessThreshold: ${SW_SLOW_DB_THRESHOLD:default:200,mongodb:100} # The slow database access thresholds. Unit ms.receiver-jvm:  default:receiver-clr:  default:service-mesh:  default:    bufferPath: ${SW_SERVICE_MESH_BUFFER_PATH:../mesh-buffer/}  # Path to trace buffer files, suggest to use absolute path    bufferOffsetMaxFileSize: ${SW_SERVICE_MESH_OFFSET_MAX_FILE_SIZE:100} # Unit is MB    bufferDataMaxFileSize: ${SW_SERVICE_MESH_BUFFER_DATA_MAX_FILE_SIZE:500} # Unit is MB    bufferFileCleanWhenRestart: ${SW_SERVICE_MESH_BUFFER_FILE_CLEAN_WHEN_RESTART:false}istio-telemetry:  default:envoy-metric:  default:#    alsHTTPAnalysis: ${SW_ENVOY_METRIC_ALS_HTTP_ANALYSIS:k8s-mesh}#receiver_zipkin:#  default:#    host: ${SW_RECEIVER_ZIPKIN_HOST:0.0.0.0}#    port: ${SW_RECEIVER_ZIPKIN_PORT:9411}#    contextPath: ${SW_RECEIVER_ZIPKIN_CONTEXT_PATH:/}query:  graphql:    path: ${SW_QUERY_GRAPHQL_PATH:/graphql}alarm:  default:telemetry:  none:configuration:  none:#  apollo:#    apolloMeta: http://106.12.25.204:8080#    apolloCluster: default#    # apolloEnv: # defaults to null#    appId: skywalking#    period: 5#  nacos:#    # Nacos Server Host#    serverAddr: 127.0.0.1#    # Nacos Server Port#    port: 8848#    # Nacos Configuration Group#    group: 'skywalking'#    # Nacos Configuration namespace#    namespace: ''#    # Unit seconds, sync period. Default fetch every 60 seconds.#    period : 60#    # the name of current cluster, set the name if you want to upstream system known.#    clusterName: "default"#  zookeeper:#    period : 60 # Unit seconds, sync period. Default fetch every 60 seconds.#    nameSpace: /default#    hostPort: localhost:2181#    #Retry Policy#    baseSleepTimeMs: 1000 # initial amount of time to wait between retries#    maxRetries: 3 # max number of times to retry#  etcd:#    period : 60 # Unit seconds, sync period. Default fetch every 60 seconds.#    group :  'skywalking'#    serverAddr: localhost:2379#    clusterName: "default"#  consul:#    # Consul host and ports, separated by comma, e.g. 1.2.3.4:8500,2.3.4.5:8500#    hostAndPorts: ${consul.address}#    # Sync period in seconds. Defaults to 60 seconds.#    period: 1
#exporter:#  grpc:#    targetHost: ${SW_EXPORTER_GRPC_HOST:127.0.0.1}#    targetPort: ${SW_EXPORTER_GRPC_PORT:9870}

webapp/webapp.yml

server:  port: 8080
collector:  path: /graphql  ribbon:    ReadTimeout: 10000    # Point to all backend's restHost:restPort, split by ,    listOfServers: 127.0.0.1:12800

agent/config/agent.config

# The agent namespace# agent.namespace=${SW_AGENT_NAMESPACE:default-namespace}
# The service name in UIagent.service_name=${SW_AGENT_NAME:Your_ApplicationName}
# The number of sampled traces per 3 seconds# Negative number means sample traces as many as possible, most likely 100%# agent.sample_n_per_3_secs=${SW_AGENT_SAMPLE:-1}
# Authentication active is based on backend setting, see application.yml for more details.# agent.authentication = ${SW_AGENT_AUTHENTICATION:xxxx}
# The max amount of spans in a single segment.# Through this config item, skywalking keep your application memory cost estimated.# agent.span_limit_per_segment=${SW_AGENT_SPAN_LIMIT:300}
# Ignore the segments if their operation names end with these suffix.# agent.ignore_suffix=${SW_AGENT_IGNORE_SUFFIX:.jpg,.jpeg,.js,.css,.png,.bmp,.gif,.ico,.mp3,.mp4,.html,.svg}
# If true, skywalking agent will save all instrumented classes files in `/debugging` folder.# Skywalking team may ask for these files in order to resolve compatible problem.# agent.is_open_debugging_class = ${SW_AGENT_OPEN_DEBUG:true}
# The operationName max length# agent.operation_name_threshold=${SW_AGENT_OPERATION_NAME_THRESHOLD:500}
# Backend service addresses.collector.backend_service=${SW_AGENT_COLLECTOR_BACKEND_SERVICES:127.0.0.1:11800}
# Logging file_namelogging.file_name=${SW_LOGGING_FILE_NAME:skywalking-api.log}
# Logging levellogging.level=${SW_LOGGING_LEVEL:DEBUG}
# Logging dir# logging.dir=${SW_LOGGING_DIR:""}
# Logging max_file_size, default: 300 * 1024 * 1024 = 314572800# logging.max_file_size=${SW_LOGGING_MAX_FILE_SIZE:314572800}
# The max history log files. When rollover happened, if log files exceed this number,# then the oldest file will be delete. Negative or zero means off, by default.# logging.max_history_files=${SW_LOGGING_MAX_HISTORY_FILES:-1}
# mysql plugin configuration# plugin.mysql.trace_sql_parameters=${SW_MYSQL_TRACE_SQL_PARAMETERS:false}