18个面向专业开发人员的高级 JavaScript 技术
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2024-07-14 21:51
浏览器
01.实现全屏
当你需要将当前屏幕显示为全屏时。
function fullScreen() {const el = document.documentElementconst rfs =el.requestFullScreen ||el.webkitRequestFullScreen ||el.mozRequestFullScreen ||el.msRequestFullscreenif(typeof rfs != "undefined" && rfs) {rfs.call(el)}}// Click to go 🌐 full screen!fullScreen()
02.退出全屏
当你需要退出全屏时。
function exitScreen() {if (document.exitFullscreen) {document.exitFullscreen()}else if (document.mozCancelFullScreen) {document.mozCancelFullScreen()}else if (document.webkitCancelFullScreen) {document.webkitCancelFullScreen()}else if (document.msExitFullscreen) {document.msExitFullscreen()}if(typeof cfs != "undefined" && cfs) {cfs.call(el)}// Exiting full screen 🚪🏃}exitScreen()
03.页面打印
当你需要打印当前页面时。
// Click to print the page 🖨️window.print()
04.打印内容样式更改
当你需要打印出当前页面,但需要修改当前布局时。
<style>/* Adjusting print layout 🔧 */@media print {.noprint {display: none;}}</style><div class="print">print</div><div class="noprint">noprint</div>
05.阻止关闭事件
当需要阻止用户刷新或关闭浏览器时,可以选择触发 beforeunload 事件,部分浏览器无法自定义文本内容。
window.onbeforeunload = function(){return 'Are you sure you want to leave the haorooms blog?🚪🤔';};
06.屏幕录制
当你需要录制当前屏幕并上传或下载屏幕录制时。
// Record your screen hereconst streamPromise = navigator.mediaDevices.getDisplayMedia()streamPromise.then(stream => {var recordedChunks = [];// recorded video datavar options = { mimeType: "video/webm; codecs=vp9" };// Set the encoding formatvar mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder(stream, options);// Initialize the MediaRecorder instancemediaRecorder.ondataavailable = handleDataAvailable;// Set the callback when data is available (end of screen recording)mediaRecorder.start();// Video Fragmentationfunction handleDataAvailable(event) {if (event.data.size > 0) {recordedChunks.push(event.data);// Add data, event.data is a BLOB objectdownload();// Encapsulate into a BLOB object and download}}// file downloadfunction download() {var blob = new Blob(recordedChunks, {type: "video/webm"});// Videos can be uploaded to the backend herevar url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);var a = document.createElement("a");document.body.appendChild(a);a.style = "display: none";a.href = url;a.download = "test.webm";a.click();window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);}})
07.判断横竖屏
当你需要判断手机横竖屏的状态时。
function hengshuping() {if (window.orientation == 180 || window.orientation == 0) {alert("Portrait mode! 📱");}if (window.orientation == 90 || window.orientation == -90) {alert("Landscape mode! 🌅");}}// Add listener for screen orientation changes 🔄window.addEventListener("onorientationchange" in window ? "orientationchange" : "resize", hengshuping, false);
08.改变横竖屏样式
当你需要为横竖屏设置不同的样式时。
<style>@media all and (orientation : landscape) {body {background-color: #ff0000;}}@media all and (orientation : portrait) {body {background-color: #00ff00;}}</style>
09.标签页隐藏
当你需要监听标签页显示和隐藏事件时。
// Tab Page Hiddenconst {hidden, visibilityChange} = (() => {let hidden, visibilityChange;if (typeof document.hidden !== "undefined") {// Opera 12.10 and Firefox 18 and later supporthidden = "hidden";visibilityChange = "visibilitychange";} else if (typeof document.msHidden !== "undefined") {hidden = "msHidden";visibilityChange = "msvisibilitychange";} else if (typeof document.webkitHidden !== "undefined") {hidden = "webkitHidden";visibilityChange = "webkitvisibilitychange";}return {hidden,visibilityChange}})();const handleVisibilityChange = () => {console.log("currently hidden", document[hidden]);};document.addEventListener(visibilityChange,handleVisibilityChange,false);
图片
10.本地图片预览
当你从客户端获取图片但无法立即上传到服务器,但需要预览时。
<!-- Upload and preview images here 📸 --><div class="test"><input type="file" name="" id=""><img src="" alt=""></div><script>const getObjectURL = (file) => {let url = null;if (window.createObjectURL != undefined) { // basicurl = window.createObjectURL(file);} else if (window.URL != undefined) { // webkit or chromeurl = window.URL.createObjectURL(file);} else if (window.URL != undefined) { // mozilla(firefox)url = window.URL.createObjectURL(file);}return url;}document.querySelector('input').addEventListener('change', (event) => {document.querySelector('img').src = getObjectURL(event.target.files[0])})</script>
11.图片预加载
当你有大量图片时,你需要预加载图片以避免白屏
const images = []function preloader(args) {for (let i = 0, len = args.length; i < len; i++) {images[i] = new Image()images[i].src = args[i]}}preloader(['1.png', '2.jpg'])
Js
12.字符串脚本
当需要将一串字符串转换成js脚本时,此方法存在xss漏洞,谨慎使用。
const obj = eval('({ name: "jack" })')// obj will be converted to object{ name: "jack" }const v = eval('obj')// v will become the variable obj
13.递归函数名解耦
当需要编写递归函数时,会声明一个函数名,但每次修改函数名时,总会忘记修改内部的函数名。argument 是函数内部对象,包括传入函数的所有参数,arguments.callee 代表函数名。
// This is a basic Fibonacci sequencefunction fibonacci (n) {const fn = arguments.calleeif (n <= 1) return 1return fn(n - 1) + fn(n - 2)}
DOM元素
14.隐式判断
当你需要判断某个dom元素当前是否出现在页面视图中时,可以尝试使用IntersectionObserver来判断。
<style>.item {height: 350px;}</style><div class="container"><div class="item" data-id="1">Invisible</div><div class="item" data-id="2">Invisible</div><div class="item" data-id="3">Invisible</div></div><script>if (window?.IntersectionObserver) {let items = [...document.getElementsByClassName("item")]; // parses as a true array, also available Array.prototype.slice.call()let io = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => {entries.forEach((item) => {item.target.innerHTML =item.intersectionRatio === 1 // The display ratio of the element, when it is 1, it is completely visible, and when it is 0, it is completely invisible? `Element is fully visible`: `Element is partially invisible`;});},{root: null,rootMargin: "0px 0px",threshold: 1, // The threshold is set to 1, and the callback function is triggered only when the ratio reaches 1});items.forEach((item) => io.observe(item));}</script>
15.元素可编辑
当你需要编辑 dom 元素时,让它像文本区域一样点击。
<div contenteditable="true">here can be edited</div>
16.元素属性监控
<div id="test">test</div><button onclick="handleClick()">OK</button><script>const el = document.getElementById("test");let n = 1;const observe = new MutationObserver((mutations) => {console.log("attribute is changede", mutations);})observe.observe(el, {attributes: true});function handleClick() {el.setAttribute("style", "color: red");el.setAttribute("data-name", n++);}setTimeout(() => {observe.disconnect(); // stop watch}, 5000);</script>
17.打印dom元素
开发过程中需要打印dom元素时,使用console.log往往只能打印出整个dom元素,无法查看dom元素内部的属性,可以尝试使用console.dir。
console.dir(document.body)
其他
18.激活应用
当你在移动端开发时,需要打开其他应用,以下方法也可以通过location.href赋值来操作
<!-- Use the following links to activate phone features 📲 --><a href="tel:12345678910">phone</a><a href="sms:12345678910,12345678911?body=hello">android message</a><a href="sms:/open?addresses=12345678910,12345678911&body=hello">ios message</a><a href="wx://">ios message</a>
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