Linux环境下安装MySQL步骤详解

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep maria*

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps 文件名

[root@localhost ~]# rm /etc/my.cnf

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql

[root@localhost ~]mv mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz /usr/local/

[root@localhost local]#tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@localhost local]# mv mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

[root@localhost support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

[root@localhost support-files]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
skip-name-resolve
#设置3306端口
port = 3306  
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=1000 
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
lower_case_table_name=1 
max_allowed_packet=16M

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql ./ 修改当前目录拥有者为mysql用户
[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ 安装数据库

FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./scripts/mysql_install_db:Data::Dumper

[root@localhost ~]yum -y install autoconf //此包安装时会安装Data:Dumper模块

[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data

[root@localhost ~]# chown 777 /etc/my.cnf

[root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

[root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld

[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld

[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start

[root@localhost lib]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql

[root@localhost lib]# chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# vim ~/.bash_profile

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

[root@localhost mysql]# source ~/.bash_profile

[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -u root -p

mysql>use mysql
mysql>update user set password=password('123456') where user='root' and host='localhost';
mysql>flush privileges;

--查看用户
select Host,User,Password from mysql.user;
--创建用户
create user test identified by '123456';
--分配权限
grant all privileges on *.* to 'test'@'%'identified by '123456' with grant option;
--刷新
flush privileges ;
--修改指定用户密码
update mysql.user set password=password('111111') where User="test" and Host="localhost";
--删除用户
delete from user where User='test' and Host='localhost';

查看已开放的端口(默认不开放任何端口)
[root@localhost ~]#firewall-cmd --list-ports
查询端口号80是否开启！
查询端口号
[root@localhost ~]#firewall-cmd --query-port=80/tcp
开启80端口
[root@localhost ~]#firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
用同样的方法开启3306端口
重启防火墙
[root@localhost ~]#firewall-cmd --reload
停止防火墙
[root@localhost ~]#systemctl stop firewalld.service
禁止防火墙开机启动
[root@localhost ~]#systemctl disable firewalld.service