在.NET Core 中实现健康检查
.NET Core中提供了开箱即用的运行状况检查,首先,我将在.NET Core API应用程序中执行运行状况检查,接下来,我们将使用DbContext集成SQL Server或数据库的运行状况检查,最后是如何实现自定义服务的运行状况检查。

在ASP.NET Core中实现健康检查
要实现运行状况检查,您需要在项目中安装 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.HealthChecks 。
接下来,在ConfigureServices方法中添加运行状况检查中间件。
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services){services.AddHealthChecks();services.AddControllers();}
然后修改Configure方法,使用中间件:
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env){app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>{endpoints.MapControllers();endpoints.MapHealthChecks("/health");});}
现在,准备工作完成,运行程序然后访问 /health, 您将看到下边结果:

HealthCheckService
.NET Core提供了一个HealthCheckService类,我们可以把健康检查的放到我们的控制器中,就像这样:
public class HealthController : ControllerBase{private readonly ILogger_logger; private readonly HealthCheckService _healthCheckService;public HealthController(ILoggerlogger, HealthCheckService healthCheckService){_healthCheckService = healthCheckService;_logger = logger;}[HttpGet]public async TaskGet() {var report = await _healthCheckService.CheckHealthAsync();return report.Status == HealthStatus.Healthy ? Ok(report) :StatusCode((int)HttpStatusCode.ServiceUnavailable, report);}}
现在,如果您尝试访问/health,您将看到相同的结果。
接下来,我们将实现数据库运行状态检查:
EntityFramework Core 健康检查
首先,还是需要安装Microsoft.Extensions.Diagnostics.HealthChecks.EntityFrameworkCore到我们的项目中。
接下来,我们拿到数据库上下文,然后修改代码:
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services){services.AddControllers();services.AddApiVersioning();}
然后,运行程序,现在访问 /health 返回的结果是这样:

IHealthCheck
一些情况下,默认的健康检查可能不满足我们的需求,那么可以继承 IHealthCheck 接口,自定义我们的健康检查的逻辑。
public class ApiHealthCheck : IHealthCheck{private readonly IHttpClientFactory _httpClientFactory;public ApiHealthCheck(IHttpClientFactory httpClientFactory){_httpClientFactory = httpClientFactory;}public async TaskCheckHealthAsync(HealthCheckContext context, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default){using (var httpClient = _httpClientFactory.CreateClient()){var response = await httpClient.GetAsync("https://your-api-service.endpoint");if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode){return HealthCheckResult.Healthy($"API is running.");}return HealthCheckResult.Unhealthy("API is not running");}}}
然后修改代码如下:
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services){services.AddHealthChecks().AddDbContextCheck() .AddCheck("ApiHealth"); services.AddControllers();}
然后,运行程序,访问 /health,结果如下:

原文作者: Anuraj 原文链接: https://dotnetthoughts.net/implementing-health-check-aspnetcore/[1]
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References
[1] https://dotnetthoughts.net/implementing-health-check-aspnetcore/: "https://dotnetthoughts.net/implementing-health-check-aspnetcore/"
