k8s安全管理认证
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2024-05-19 20:30
1、SA
Service account是为了方便Pod里面的进程调用Kubernetes API或其他外部服务而设计的。
是为Pod中的进程调用Kubernetes API而设计；
仅局限它所在的namespace；
每个namespace都会自动创建一个default service account；
Token controller检测service account的创建，并为它们创建secret；
开启ServiceAccount Admission Controller后，每个Pod在创建后都会自动设置spec.serviceAccount为default（除非指定了其他ServiceAccout）；验证Pod引用的service account已经存在，否则拒绝创建；如果Pod没有指定ImagePullSecrets，则把service account的ImagePullSecrets加到Pod中；每个container启动后都会挂载该service account的token和ca.crt到/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/
创建SA用户
# vim 01_k8s_pod_test.ymlapiVersion: v1kind: ServiceAccountmetadata:name: superopsmsb-sa---apiVersion: v1kind: Podmetadata:name: my-nginx-1spec:containers:image: nginx:1.23.0name: my-nginxserviceAccountName: superopsmsb-sa# kubectl apply -f 01_k8s_pod_test.yml# kubectl get sa# kubectl get pods -o wide# kubectl describe pod my-nginx-1
2、UA
创建UA
# vim test-csr.json{"CN": "test","hosts": [],"key": {"algo": "rsa","size": 2048},"names": [{"C": "CN","ST": "Beijing","L": "Beijing","O": "system:test","OU": "system"}]}# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes test-csr.json | cfssljson -bare test# cp test*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/## 创建集群# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.16.250:16443 --kubeconfig=test.kubeconfig## 创建用户# kubectl config set-credentials test --client-certificate=test.pem --client-key=test-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=test.kubeconfig## 创建上下文，用户和集群关联# kubectl config set-context kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes --user=test --kubeconfig=test.kubeconfig# kubectl config current-context --kubeconfig=test.kubeconfig# kubectl config view --kubeconfig=test.kubeconfig## 设置使用默认的上下文# kubectl config use-context kubernetes --kubeconfig=test.kubeconfig# kubectl --kubeconfig=test.kubeconfig get podsError from server (Forbidden): pods is forbidden: User "test" cannot list resource "pods" in API group "" in the namespace "default"# kubectl --kubeconfig=kube.config get podsNAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGEmy-nginx-1 1/1 Running 0 4h26mpod-cm1 1/1 Running 3 4d22hpod-harbor 1/1 Running 2 26hpod-mysql-secret1 1/1 Running 5 4d21hpod-mysql-secret2 1/1 Running 2 4d21h
3、config文件
创建登录k8s集群的用户，基于证书和密钥信息创建用户
创建登录k8s集群的地址
将登录用户和目标k8s集群关联在一起，形成k8s集群入口
设定默认的k8s集群入口
config文件优先级
--kubeconfig 指定文件
设置系统环境 KUBECONFIG
/root/.kube/config
4、role创建
资源对象的权限集合定义
# kubectl create role myrole --verb=get,list --resource=pods --dry-run=client -o yaml > 02_k8s_secure_role.yaml# vim 02_k8s_secure_role.yamlapiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1kind: Rolemetadata:name: myrolerules:- apiGroups:- ""- "apps"resources:- pods- deployments- replicasetsverbs:- get- list- delete# kubectl apply -f 02_k8s_secure_role.yaml# kubectl get roleNAME CREATED ATmyrole 2023-11-30T02:34:21Z# kubectl describe role myroleName: myroleLabels: <none>Annotations: <none>PolicyRule:Resources Non-Resource URLs Resource Names Verbs--------- ----------------- -------------- -----deployments [] [] [get list delete]pods [] [] [get list delete]replicasets [] [] [get list delete]deployments.apps [] [] [get list delete]pods.apps [] [] [get list delete]replicasets.apps [] [] [get list delete]
5、rolebinding创建
# kubectl create rolebinding test-myrole --role=myrole --user=test --dry-run=client -o yaml > 03_k8s_test-myrole.yaml# kubectl apply -f 03_k8s_test-myrole.yaml# kubectl describe rolebinding test-myroleName: test-myroleLabels: <none>Annotations: <none>Role:Kind: RoleName: myroleSubjects:Kind Name Namespace---- ---- ---------User test# kubectl get pods --kubeconfig=test.kubeconfigNAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGEmy-nginx-1 1/1 Running 1 25hpod-cm1 1/1 Running 5 5d20h# kubectl get deployment --kubeconfig=test.kubeconfig# kubectl get deployment --kubeconfig=test.kubeconfig -n kube-systemError from server (Forbidden): deployments.apps is forbidden: User "test" cannot list resource "deployments" in API group "apps" in the namespace "kube-system"# kubectl get svc --kubeconfig=test.kubeconfigError from server (Forbidden): services is forbidden: User "test" cannot list resource "services" in API group "" in the namespace "default"
6、clusterrole和clusterrolebinding创建
# kubectl create clusterrole myclusterrole --verb=get,list,delete --resource=pods --dry-run=client -o yaml > 04_k8s_secure-clsterrole.yaml# kubectl apply -f 04_k8s_secure-clsterrole.yaml# kubectl create clusterrolebinding test-myclusterrole --clusterrole=myclusterrole --user=test# kubectl edit clusterrolebinding test-myclusterrole[root-master01 tools]# kubectl get deployment --kubeconfig=test.kubeconfig -n kube-systemError from server (Forbidden): deployments.apps is forbidden: User "test" cannot list resource "deployments" in API group "apps" in the namespace "kube-system"# kubectl get pods --kubeconfig=test.kubeconfig -n kube-systemNAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGEcalico-kube-controllers-7cc8dd57d9-hvkz5 1/1 Running 55 6d23hcalico-node-c4dxg 1/1 Running 7 6d22hcalico-node-srqch 1/1 Running 8 6d22hcalico-node-tcdmv 0/1 Running 7 6d22hcalico-node-tvjzj 1/1 Running 7 6d22hcoredns-675db8b7cc-5fbjk 1/1 Running 7 6d22h
role和clusterrole混合使用，赋予clusterrole权限，但又限制命名空间权限
kubectl create rolebinding test-myclusterrole --clusterrole=myclusterrole --user=test
接：https://www.cnblogs.com/zbc230/p/17864665.html
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