Sampler：Shell命令执行可视化和告警工具
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2020-10-08 05:42
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来自：FreeBuf.COM
作者：secist
链接：https://www.freebuf.com/sectool/212820.html
点击「阅读原文」查看良许原创精品视频。
来自：FreeBuf.COM
作者：secist
链接：https://www.freebuf.com/sectool/212820.html
Sampler是一个用于shell命令执行，可视化和告警的工具。其配置使用的是一个简单的YAML文件。
为什么我需要它？
你可以直接从终端对任意动态进程进行采样 – 观察数据库中的更改，监控MQ动态消息（in-flight messages），触发部署脚本并在完成后获取通知。
如果有一种方法可以使用shell命令获取指标（metric），那么可以使用Sampler立即对其进行可视化。
安装
macOS
brew cask install sampler或
sudo curl -Lo /usr/local/bin/sampler https://github.com/sqshq/sampler/releases/download/v1.0.3/sampler-1.0.3-darwin-amd64
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/samplerLinux
sudo wget https://github.com/sqshq/sampler/releases/download/v1.0.3/sampler-1.0.3-linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/sampler
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/sampler注意：需要为Sampler安装libasound2-dev系统库用以播放触发器声音。通常库已安装在相应位置，但如果没有 – 你可以使用你习惯的包管理器进行安装，例如apt install libasound2-dev
Windows（实验）
建议在高级控制台模拟器下使用，如Cmder
Download .exe
使用
指定shell命令，Sampler会相应的速率执行这些命令。输出用于可视化。
使用Sampler基本上的三步过程：
在YAML配置文件中定义shell命令
运行sampler -c config.yml
在UI上调整组件大小和位置
市面早已有许多监控系统
Sampler绝不是监控系统的替代品，而是易于设置的开发工具。
如果spinning up和使用Grafana配置Prometheus是完全多余的任务，那么Sampler可能是正确的解决方案。没有服务器，没有数据库，不需要部署 – 你指定了shell命令，它就可以工作了。
我监控的每台服务器上都需要安装吗？
不，你可以在本地运行Sampler，但仍然可以从多台远程计算机上收集遥测数据。任何可视化都可能具有init命令，你可以在其中ssh到远程服务器。请参阅SSH example
组件
以下是每种组件类型的配置示例列表，其中包含与macOS兼容的采样脚本。
Runchart
runcharts:
- title: Search engine response time
rate-ms: 500 # sampling rate, default = 1000
scale: 2 # number of digits after sample decimal point, default = 1
legend:
enabled: true # enables item labels, default = true
details: false # enables item statistics: cur/min/max/dlt values, default = true
items:
- label: GOOGLE
sample: curl -o /dev/null -s -w '%{time_total}' https://www.google.com
color: 178 # 8-bit color number, default one is chosen from a pre-defined palette
- label: YAHOO
sample: curl -o /dev/null -s -w '%{time_total}' https://search.yahoo.com
- label: BING
sample: curl -o /dev/null -s -w '%{time_total}' https://www.bing.comSparkline
sparklines:
- title: CPU usage
rate-ms: 200
scale: 0
sample: ps -A -o %cpu | awk '{s+=$1} END {print s}'
- title: Free memory pages
rate-ms: 200
scale: 0
sample: memory_pressure | grep 'Pages free' | awk '{print $3}'Barchart
barcharts:
- title: Local network activity
rate-ms: 500 # sampling rate, default = 1000
scale: 0 # number of digits after sample decimal point, default = 1
items:
- label: UDP bytes in
sample: nettop -J bytes_in -l 1 -m udp | awk '{sum += $4} END {print sum}'
- label: UDP bytes out
sample: nettop -J bytes_out -l 1 -m udp | awk '{sum += $4} END {print sum}'
- label: TCP bytes in
sample: nettop -J bytes_in -l 1 -m tcp | awk '{sum += $4} END {print sum}'
- label: TCP bytes out
sample: nettop -J bytes_out -l 1 -m tcp | awk '{sum += $4} END {print sum}'Gauge
gauges:
- title: Minute progress
rate-ms: 500 # sampling rate, default = 1000
scale: 2 # number of digits after sample decimal point, default = 1
percent-only: false # toggle display of the current value, default = false
color: 178 # 8-bit color number, default one is chosen from a pre-defined palette
cur:
sample: date +%S # sample script for current value
max:
sample: echo 60 # sample script for max value
min:
sample: echo 0 # sample script for min value
- title: Year progress
cur:
sample: date +%j
max:
sample: echo 365
min:
sample: echo 0Textbox
textboxes:
- title: Local weather
rate-ms: 10000 # sampling rate, default = 1000
sample: curl wttr.in?0ATQF
border: false # border around the item, default = true
color: 178 # 8-bit color number, default is white
- title: Docker containers stats
rate-ms: 500
sample: docker stats --no-stream --format "table {{.Name}}\t{{.CPUPerc}}\t{{.MemUsage}}\t{{.PIDs}}"Asciibox
asciiboxes:
- title: UTC time
rate-ms: 500 # sampling rate, default = 1000
font: 3d # font type, default = 2d
border: false # border around the item, default = true
color: 43 # 8-bit color number, default is white
sample: env TZ=UTC date +%r额外功能
Triggers
触发器允许执行条件操作，如视觉/声音告警或任意shell命令。以下示例说明了此概念。
Clock gauge，从开始的每分钟显示时间进度和当前时间
gauges:
- title: MINUTE PROGRESS
position: [[0, 18], [80, 0]]
cur:
sample: date +%S
max:
sample: echo 60
min:
sample: echo 0
triggers:
- title: CLOCK BELL EVERY MINUTE
condition: '[ $label == "cur" ] && [ $cur -eq 0 ] && echo 1 || echo 0' # expects "1" as TRUE indicator
actions:
terminal-bell: true # standard terminal bell, default = false
sound: true # NASA quindar tone, default = false
visual: false # notification with current value on top of the component area, default = false
script: say -v samantha `date +%I:%M%p` # an arbitrary script, which can use $cur, $prev and $label variables搜索引擎延迟图表，在延迟超过阈值时向用户发出告警
runcharts:
- title: SEARCH ENGINE RESPONSE TIME (sec)
rate-ms: 200
items:
- label: GOOGLE
sample: curl -o /dev/null -s -w '%{time_total}' https://www.google.com
- label: YAHOO
sample: curl -o /dev/null -s -w '%{time_total}' https://search.yahoo.com
triggers:
- title: Latency threshold exceeded
condition: echo "$prev < 0.3 && $cur > 0.3" |bc -l # expects "1" as TRUE indicator
actions:
terminal-bell: true # standard terminal bell, default = false
sound: true # NASA quindar tone, default = false
visual: true # visual notification on top of the component area, default = false
script: 'say alert: ${label} latency exceeded ${cur} second' # an arbitrary script, which can use $cur, $prev and $label variables交互式 shell 支持
除了sample命令之外，还可以指定init命令（在采样前仅执行一次）和transform命令（后处理采样命令输出）。这包括交互式shell用例，例如仅建立与数据库的连接一次，然后在交互式shell会话中执行轮询。
Basic mode
textboxes:
- title: MongoDB polling
rate-ms: 500
init: mongo --quiet --host=localhost test # executes only once to start the interactive session
sample: Date.now(); # executes with a required rate, in scope of the interactive session
transform: echo result = $sample # executes in scope of local session, $sample variable is available for transformationPTY mode
在某些情况下，交互式shell将无法工作，因为它的stdin不是终端。这种情况下我们可以使用PTY模式：
textboxes:
- title: Neo4j polling
pty: true # enables pseudo-terminal mode, default = false
init: cypher-shell -u neo4j -p pwd --format plain
sample: RETURN rand();
transform: echo "$sample" | tail -n 1
- title: Top on a remote server
pty: true # enables pseudo-terminal mode, default = false
init: ssh -i ~/user.pem ec2-user@1.2.3.4
sample: topinit 命令逐步执行
在开始采样之前，还可以逐个执行多个init命令。
textboxes:
- title: Java application uptime
multistep-init:
- java -jar jmxterm-1.0.0-uber.jar
- open host:port # or local PID
- bean java.lang:type=Runtime
sample: get Uptime变量
如果配置文件包含重复的模式，则可以将它们提取到变量部分。此外，还可以在启动时使用-v/–variable标志指定变量，并且任意的系统环境变量也可以在脚本中使用。
variables:
mongoconnection: mongo --quiet --host=localhost test
barcharts:
- title: MongoDB documents by status
items:
- label: IN_PROGRESS
init: $mongoconnection
sample: db.getCollection('events').find({status:'IN_PROGRESS'}).count()
- label: SUCCESS
init: $mongoconnection
sample: db.getCollection('events').find({status:'SUCCESS'}).count()
- label: FAIL
init: $mongoconnection
sample: db.getCollection('events').find({status:'FAIL'}).count()颜色主题
theme: light # default = dark
sparklines:
- title: CPU usage
sample: ps -A -o %cpu | awk '{s+=$1} END {print s}'真实场景
数据库
以下是不同的数据库连接示例。建议使用交互式shell（init脚本）仅建立一次连接，然后在采样期间重用即可。
MySQL
# prerequisite: installed mysql shell
variables:
mysql_connection: mysql -u root -s --database mysql --skip-column-names
sparklines:
- title: MySQL (random number example)
pty: true
init: $mysql_connection
sample: select rand();PostgreSQL
# prerequisite: installed psql shell
variables:
PGPASSWORD: pwd
postgres_connection: psql -h localhost -U postgres --no-align --tuples-only
sparklines:
- title: PostgreSQL (random number example)
init: $postgres_connection
sample: select random();MongoDB
# prerequisite: installed mongo shell
variables:
mongo_connection: mongo --quiet --host=localhost test
sparklines:
- title: MongoDB (random number example)
init: $mongo_connection
sample: Math.random();Neo4j
# prerequisite: installed cypher shell
variables:
neo4j_connection: cypher-shell -u neo4j -p pwd --format plain
sparklines:
- title: Neo4j (random number example)
pty: true
init: $neo4j_connection
sample: RETURN rand();
transform: echo "$sample" | tail -n 1Kafka
检查kafka lag值，计算每个队列lag值的和，高于阈值报警，多consumergroup，多topic。
variables:
kafka_connection: $KAFKA_HOME/bin/kafka-consumer-groups --bootstrap-server localhost:9092
runcharts:
- title: Kafka lag per consumer group
rate-ms: 5000
scale: 0
items:
- label: A->B
sample: $kafka_connection --group group_a --describe | awk 'NR>1 {sum += $5} END {print sum}'
- label: B->C
sample: $kafka_connection --group group_b --describe | awk 'NR>1 {sum += $5} END {print sum}'
- label: C->D
sample: $kafka_connection --group group_c --describe | awk 'NR>1 {sum += $5} END {print sum}'Docker
Docker容器统计信息（CPU，MEM，O/I）
textboxes:
- title: Docker containers stats
sample: docker stats --no-stream --format "table {{.Name}}\t{{.CPUPerc}}\t{{.MemPerc}}\t{{.MemUsage}}\t{{.NetIO}}\t{{.BlockIO}}\t{{.PIDs}}"SSH
远程服务器上的TOP命令
variables:
sshconnection: ssh -i ~/my-key-pair.pem ec2-user@1.2.3.4
textboxes:
- title: SSH
pty: true
init: $sshconnection
sample: topJMX
Java应用程序的正常运行示例
# prerequisite: download [jmxterm jar file](https://docs.cyclopsgroup.org/jmxterm)
textboxes:
- title: Java application uptime
multistep-init:
- java -jar jmxterm-1.0.0-uber.jar
- open host:port # or local PID
- bean java.lang:type=Runtime
sample: get Uptime
transform: echo $sample | tr -dc '0-9' | awk '{printf "%.1f min", $1/1000/60}'推荐阅读：
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