对接外部接口，又一次证书问题！
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2020-10-28 09:51
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作者：funnyZpC
出处：cnblogs.com/funnyzpc/p/10989813.html
最近接一外部接口，接口在本地开发调试及测试都无任何问题(windows下)，而上测试环境后测第一次就直接报错误，
错误是这样子的：
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at sun.security.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:192)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(SSLSocketImpl.java:1917)
at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:301)
at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:295)
at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:1369)
at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.processMessage(ClientHandshaker.java:156)
at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Handshaker.java:925)
at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.process_record(Handshaker.java:860)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:1043)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1343)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1371)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1355)
enn~,首先那个接口地址是https的，服务器是linux的。
以上错误其大意是无法找到及验证有效证书，再想想：不对啊，本地jdk和服务器的jdk都是oracle官方jdk 1.8呀，照理说本地调试没问题在服务端应该也不会有什么问题呢～
诶～，不管怎么分析都还是要解决问题呀，首先我分析到这又两个问题点：
本地和服务器OS不一致
接口地址的SSL证书存在不兼容或其他问题
怎么办？要求对方检查证书配置，可能性不大，剩下的就只剩下一种方式：做兼容，就是在请求的时候信任对方的证书。
于是有了第一版。
因为我使用的是CloseableHttpClient，做的请求管理，不如在让CloseableHttpClient兼容https与http不就好了，寻思一项，搜索一番代码即成(这里只给出核心代码)
// 之前
// private static CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().build();
// 之后
private static CloseableHttpClient httpClient;
static {
try {
System.out.println("===>01");
// 忽略证书
SSLContextBuilder SslBuilder = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustSelfSignedStrategy());
//不进行主机名验证
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslConnectionSocketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(SslBuilder.build(), NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);
Registry registry = RegistryBuilder.create()
.register("http", new PlainConnectionSocketFactory())
.register("https", sslConnectionSocketFactory)
.build();
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(registry);
cm.setMaxTotal(100);
httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
.setSSLSocketFactory(sslConnectionSocketFactory)
.setDefaultCookieStore(new BasicCookieStore())
.setConnectionManager(cm).build();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("===>02");
httpClient = HttpClients.custom().build();
}
}
}
bingo ～，上线测 。。。
oh～，no，依然是这个错：
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at sun.security.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:192)
......
待我分析一番，发现上面的代码仅仅只是为了不验证对方主机，完全没有理会证书的错误。。。
欸～，这是个问题。
后我又想起之前上上家公司也有出现过这个问题，哈～，有办法了，找到源码把主要的几句copy过来走走不就好了。
于是，第二版
核心代码：
HostnameVerifier hv = new HostnameVerifier() {
public boolean verify(String urlHostName, SSLSession session) {
return true;
}
};
private static void trustAllHttpsCertificates() throws Exception {
javax.net.ssl.TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new javax.net.ssl.TrustManager[1];
javax.net.ssl.TrustManager tm = new miTM();
trustAllCerts[0] = tm;
javax.net.ssl.SSLContext sc = javax.net.ssl.SSLContext
.getInstance("SSL");
sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, null);
javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc
.getSocketFactory());
}
static class miTM implements javax.net.ssl.TrustManager,
javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager {
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
public boolean isServerTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs) {
return true;
}
public boolean isClientTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs) {
return true;
}
public void checkServerTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType)
throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {
return;
}
public void checkClientTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType)
throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {
return;
}
}
// 在访问前调用
trustAllHttpsCertificates();
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(hv);
一整折腾后上线部署测试，啊～，还是同样的错误。。。
分析代码，看到，这种处理逻辑只针对自定义SSL证书有效，对于我现有的情况丁点问题都解决不了。
终版
其实业务代码的什么都没改，只是给jdk添加了点儿东西。
主要解决思路是让jdk忽略指定域名的SSL证书。《图解 https 单向认证和双向认证！》推荐看下。
//InstallCert.java
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URL;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.cert.*;
import javax.net.ssl.*;
public class InstallCert {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String host;
int port;
char[] passphrase;
if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {
String[] c = args[0].split(":");
host = c[0];
port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);
String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];
passphrase = p.toCharArray();
} else {
System.out.println("Usage: java InstallCert [:port] [passphrase]" );
return;
}
File file = new File("jssecacerts");
if (file.isFile() == false) {
char SEP = File.separatorChar;
File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP
+ "lib" + SEP + "security");
file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");
if (file.isFile() == false) {
file = new File(dir, "cacerts");
}
}
System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
ks.load(in, passphrase);
in.close();
SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
TrustManagerFactory tmf =
TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
tmf.init(ks);
X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager)tmf.getTrustManagers()[0];
SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);
context.init(null, new TrustManager[] {tm}, null);
SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();
System.out.println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");
SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket)factory.createSocket(host, port);
socket.setSoTimeout(10000);
try {
System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");
socket.startHandshake();
socket.close();
System.out.println();
System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");
} catch (SSLException e) {
System.out.println();
e.printStackTrace(System.out);
}
X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;
if (chain == null) {
System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");
return;
}
BufferedReader reader =
new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.println();
System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");
System.out.println();
MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {
X509Certificate cert = chain[i];
System.out.println
(" " + (i + 1) + " Subject " + cert.getSubjectDN());
System.out.println(" Issuer " + cert.getIssuerDN());
sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());
System.out.println(" sha1 " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));
md5.update(cert.getEncoded());
System.out.println(" md5 " + toHexString(md5.digest()));
System.out.println();
}
System.out.println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");
String line = reader.readLine().trim();
int k;
try {
k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");
return;
}
X509Certificate cert = chain[k];
String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);
ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");
ks.store(out, passphrase);
out.close();
System.out.println();
System.out.println(cert);
System.out.println();
System.out.println
("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '"
+ alias + "'");
}
private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();
private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);
for (int b : bytes) {
b &= 0xff;
sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);
sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);
sb.append(' ');
}
return sb.toString();
}
private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
private final X509TrustManager tm;
private X509Certificate[] chain;
SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {
this.tm = tm;
}
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
throws CertificateException {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
throws CertificateException {
this.chain = chain;
tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
}
}
}
具体解决步骤：
编译文件
javac InstallCert.java添加信任
java InstallCert 域名地址上传证书(需手动将网站证书导出)
rz => 证书.cer导入证书(密码：changeit)
echo $JAVA_HOMEkeytool -import -alias LL1 -keystore $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security/cacerts -file /home/证书.cer
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